1997 continues China's long march toI + Enterprise bonds were issued by sevwards affluence. GDP growth was 8.7% in 1996, preceded by two years of 10% growth, and forecast to increase again in 1997. Patriarch Deng Xiaoping's death in early 1997 did little to stem the flow of bullish economic statistics. China's gross domestic product reached US$ 3.6 trillion at purchasing power parity1 or about ...

Logistics Industry is regarded as the artery and basal industry of country economic development. Its degree of the development is one of the symbols of modernization and comprehensive national strength, and is described as the accelerator on promoting economic development. By using economic analytical method, the article takes the gross domestic product (GDP) as the explained variable and the v...

Nigeria’s economic aspirations have remained that of altering the structure of production and consumption patterns, diversifying the economic base and reducing dependence on oil, with the aim of putting the economy on a part of sustainable, all-inclusive and non-inflationary growth. The implication of this is that while rapid growth in output, as measured by the real gross domestic product (GDP...

This paper applies dynamic specification approach and error correction model form to construct a quarterly foreign trade model of China at the aggregate level for the period of 1992-2004. The empirical results indicate China’s imports and exports depend on each other both in the long run and short run, which reflects the special and importance role of processing trade in China. Imports respond ...

This paper uses scale-independent indicators to explore the Chinese national and regional innovation systems during economic transition. Our perception of an innovation system is frequently informed by conventional indicators based on linear assumptions while actually innovation systemsmay behave differently. Scale-independent indicators characterize non-linearpropertiesof an innovation system....

Economic growth is promoted as the solution to enhance the standard of living of the third of the world’s population living below the poverty line. Such growth, as measured by Gross Domestic Product (GDP), is unsustainable and predicated on increased production/consumption without sufficient consideration of what is consumed by whom. In essence this is because GDP is a mechanistic measure of qu...

Abstract A transformation network describes how one set of resources can be transformed into another via technological processes. Transformation networks in economics are useful because they can highlight areas for future innovations, both in terms of new products, new production techniques, or better efficiency. They also make it easy to detect areas where an economy might be fragile. In this ...

Over the last decade macroeconomic studies have established a clear link between student achievement on science and math tests and per capita gross domestic product (GDP) growth, supporting the widely held belief that science, technology, engineering, and math(STEM) education are important factors in the production of economic prosperity. We critique studies that use science and math tests to p...

In this article, levels and changes in health care expenditures for Canada, France, the Federal Republic of Germany, Italy, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States are analyzed. First, the levels and changes in the share of gross domestic product (GDP) devoted to health are reviewed in terms of the health-to-GDP ratio, nominal health expenditure and GDP growth, and changes in populatio...