BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Enhancing collateral artery growth is a potent therapeutic approach to treat cardiovascular ischemic disease from occlusive artery. Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) has gained attention for its ability to promote arteriogenesis, ameliorating brain damage, by the mechanisms involving monocyte upregulation. However, the recent clinical study testing...

fusion of two genes at dna level produces a single protein, known as a chimeric protein. immunotoxins are chimeric proteins composed of specific cell targeting and cell killing moieties. bacterial or plant toxins are commonly used as the killing moieties of the chimeric immunotoxins. in this investigation, the catalytic domain of shiga-like toxin (a1) was fused to human granulocyte macrophage c...

background: human granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (hg-csf) can serve as valuable biopharmaceutical for research and treatment of the human blood cancer. transplastomic plants have been emerged as a new and high potential candidate for production of recombinant biopharmaceutical proteins in comparison with transgenic plants due to extremely high level expression, biosafety and many other a...

abstract background: recently, stem cells have been used to facilitate healing in animal models of renal failure induced by acute ischemic and nephrotoxic damage. granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) has been reported to stimulate stem cell mobilization from bone marrow and these cells may contribute to renal repair. objectives: in the present study, the effects of g-csf and stem cell ...

background: we often see patients with a thin endometrium in art cycles, in spite of standard and adjuvant treatments. improving endometrial growth in patients with a thin endometrium is very difficult. without adequate endometrial thickness these patients, likely, would not have reached embryo transfer. objective: we planned this study to investigate the efficacy of intrauterine granulocyte co...