To understand the control of glial tumor cell proliferation, we have examined the effects of neurons on a number of human and rodent glioma lines. These included C6, G26-24, U-251, HTB-16, and A-172 cells of astroglial lineage and G26-20 of bipotential astrocytic and oligodendrocytic lineage. Rapid, specific binding of granule neurons to the human A-172, HTB-16, and U-251 and mouse G26-24 cell ...

A group of neurons with the characteristics of dentate gyrus granule cells was found at the hilar/CA3 border several weeks after pilocarpine- or kainic acid-induced status epilepticus. Intracellular recordings from pilocarpine-treated rats showed that these "granule-like" neurons were similar to normal granule cells (i. e., those in the granule cell layer) in membrane properties, firing behavio...

Wild red foxes, proverbially cunning carnivores, are investigated for adult hippocampal neurogenesis and morphological characteristics of the dentate gyrus. Adult red foxes harbor almost 15-times more young, doublecortin-positive neurons in their dentate gyrus than domesticated dogs. The number of doublecortin-positive cells corresponds to 4.4% of the total granule cell number, whereas dividing...

To understand the potential role of enhanced hippocampal neurogenesis after pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in the development of epilepsy, we quantitatively analyzed the geometry of apical dendrites, synaptic transmission, and activation levels of normotopically distributed mature newborn granule cells in the rat. SE in male Sprague-Dawley rats (between 6 and 7 weeks old) lasting f...

effects of formulation parameters on the fractional release profile of diclofenac sodium from matrices having the manufacturing formulation ingredients are studied. as a content of cetyl alcohol (rate controlling agent) in the matrix increases, the fractional release decreases. the fractional release increases either by increasing sucrose content outside the granule or by decreasing sucrose con...

Primary culture of postnatal cerebellar granule cells provides a model system that recapitulates many molecular events of developing granule cells in vivo. Depolarization of cultured granule cells increases intracellular Ca(2+) and activates Ca(2+)/calmodulin-dependent calcineurin (CaN) phosphatase. This Ca(2+) signaling mimics some of the signaling events for proliferation, migration, and diff...

Cerebellar granule cells exhibit distinct modes of migration in different cortical layers. The role of external cues in controlling these alterations has been suggested, but the significance of internal programs is not well understood. In the present study, we examined autonomous changes of migratory behavior of isolated granule cells in microexplant cultures of the postnatal mouse cerebellum. ...

Experimental mouse chimeras were used to determine the site(s) of gene action in the weaver mutant cerebellum. Chimeras containing mixtures of heterozygous weaver (wv/+) and non-weaver (+/+) cells were produced by the standard embryo aggregation technique. The non-weaver component of the chimera was chosen so that Purkinje cells or granule cells could be distinguished histologically from weaver...

Recent studies have shown that prolonged stimulation of afferents of the rat fascia dentata in vivo leads to the development of chronic epileptiform activity of the dentate granule cell region, and degeneration of certain cell types in the adjacent hilus. To investigate the development of dentate hyperexcitability and the selective vulnerability of hilar cells, the hippocampal slice preparation...