ii I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, a s a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. I certify that I have read this dissertation and that in my opinion it is fully adequate, in scope and in quality, a s a dissertation for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. I certify that I have read this dissertation a...

Referring to the reconstruction of biography Aelius Donatus, a Roman grammarian fourth century and author grammatical treatise Ars Grammatica, this paper demonstrates methods techniques prosopographic research. The explains what choose for specific case how they can work in relation Donatus’ biography. Also, with help such methods, general approach methodology, historical information be selecte...

The paper as part of a long-running series is devoted to the etymological analysis new segment (namely that with initial dental *z-) Angas-Sura root stock, small group modern languages remotely and ultimately akin pharaonic Egyptian well-known Semitic or Twareg in Sahara etc. Doing so, I wish continue noble tradition initiated by J.H. Greenberg (1958), founding father Afro-Asiatic comparative l...

This article traces the characteristics of “essayistic” as a genuine mode writing in Modernity, using Octavio Paz’s El mono gramático an example. work is regarded one most complex by 1990 Mexican Nobel Prize laureate and resists classification. It stages ambivalent unstable figures “the essayistic,” describing intents shaping general, giving aesthetic form to subject particular. The hope for co...

Grammatical Framework (GF) [5] is a grammar formalism for describing formal and natural languages. An application grammar in GF is usually written for a restricted language domain, e.g. to map a formal language to a natural language. A resource grammar, on the other hand, aims at a complete description of a natural languages. The language-independent grammar API (Application Programmer’s Interf...

In Sanskrit philosophy, the closest analogue of intuition is pratibh?. Here, I will focus on theory pratibh? offered by grammarian Bhart?hari (fifth century CE). On this account, states play two distinct psychological roles. First, they serve as sources linguistic understanding. They are means which linguistically competent agents effortlessly understand meaning novel sentences. Second, practic...

A famous exception to the ‘phonetic spelling system’ of Welsh is use for both /ǝ/ and retracted high vowel /ɨ(:)/. This double was almost universally adopted by c. 1330, when a grammarian labelled /ɨ/ as ‘dark y’ ‘clear illustrated them with polysyllables such ystyr /ˈǝstɨr/ ‘meaning’, in which value predictable from position word. At that time three-way system /i(:)/, ‘dark’ , ‘clear’ t...