background: the most efficient application of ionizing radiation is serving medical purposes and using this radiation has caused people to learn that artificial sources of radiation exposure among these resources can be of highest exposure rate.   objective: the present study is aimed at initially establishing a baseline for local-reference dose level in mazandaran, iran in 12 projections of th...

Shielding the radiosensitive gonads during X-ray exposure has been advocated for plain film radiography for many years. In the UK, gonad shields are not widely employed in routine CT scanning, possibly owing to a perceived difficulty in protecting the gonads from a multidirectional X-ray source. The increasing numbers of CT scanners in the UK, with the large doses they deliver to patients, make...

Radiomicrosphere treatment involves the intrahepatic arterial administration of (90)Y-resin or (90)Y-glass microspheres. The microspheres are biocompatible, but not biodegradable, and little to no (90)Y leaches from the microspheres. Without any bioelimination, the beta-dose delivery is generally confined to the liver. Although U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission requirements permit patients tre...

background: annual patient effective dose equivalent can be considered as a quantitative physical parameter describing the activities performed in each nuclear medicine department. annual staff dose equivalent could be also considered as a parameter describing the amount of radiation risk for performing the activities. we calculated the staff to patient dose equivalent ratio to be used as a phy...

objective: investigating some biological side effects of radiations resulted from fusion reaction experiments in damavad tokamak. materials and methods: the absorbed dose of the personnel in damavand tokamak was measured using lif dosimeters and analyzed. results: in damavand in areas near the forbidden zone around this device the level of the received dose is very high (more than 6 msv for eac...

Dioxins are persistent organic pollutants interfering with endocrine systems and causing reproductive and developmental disorders. The objective of our project was to determine the impact of an in utero exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on reproductive function of male and female offspring in the rat with a special emphasis on the immature period. We used a low dose of TCDD...

Background: Hypertrophic scar is a problem of wound healing process. Salmon DNA (Polydeoxyribonucleotide/PDRN) mixture deoxyribonucleotide gonads derivate Oncorhynchus mykiss (Rainbow Salmon) that helps process and preventing the formation scars. Methods: A diabetic 30-year-old man with 5x3 cm hypertrophic on his dorsal hand since 10 months. The had been treated ointments Triamcinolone 10mg/ml ...

Teratomas are types of germ cell tumor which can arise from gonads or extragonadal tissues and show malignant transformation. . In this article,We presented a patient with enteric adenocarcinoma on the basis teratoma mediastinal mass invading sternum

Protecting the gonads of children and adults is of particular importance during diagnostic imaging of the pelvis since evidence suggests that X-rays could cause direct damage to the gonad which could result in mutation [1]. Gonad shielding during diagnostic X-ray procedures is an effective way of reducing dose to patients’ reproductive organs and reduces the risk of genetic effects in future ge...