background & objectives: the present investigation was designed to evaluate the post-treatment properties of the hydroalcoholic fruit extract of cassia fistula (golden shower tree) in male albino mice. materials & methods: biomarkers and histological liver and kidney alterations, aspartate aminotransferase (ast), alanine aminotransferase (alt), alkaline phosphatase (alp), γ-glutamyl tra...

The primary structure of tyrosine aminotransferase, as deduced from the nucleotide sequence of complementary DNA, was confirmed by fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry of tryptic peptides derived from the purified protein. Limited digestion of the native enzyme with trypsin released an acetylated, amino-terminal peptide; the new amino terminus in the modified enzyme was Val65. Endogenous pro...

INTRODUCTION Liver dysfunction associated with artificial nutrition in critically ill patients is a complication that seems to be frequent, but it has not been assessed previously in a large cohort of critically ill patients. METHODS We conducted a prospective cohort study of incidence in 40 intensive care units. Different liver dysfunction patterns were defined: (a) cholestasis: alkaline pho...

Because 1% to 9% of people without symptoms have elevated liver enzymes, extensive evaluation of all abnormal test results would expose many patients to undue risks and expenses. On the other hand, failure to evaluate minor liver enzyme elevations could mean missing the early diagnosis of potentially treatable disorders. This review discusses likely causes of elevated aminotransferase, alkaline...

Porcine calcitonin given to guinea pigs in doses causing hypocalcaemia and hypophosphataemia decreased the bilirubin concentration and increased the activity of gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGTP) in the hepatic bile. Calcitonin had no effect on bile flow, its pH, electrolyte composition including calcium, or on the concentration of protein, glucose, cholesterol, nonprotein nitrogen (NPN), and...

OBJECTIVE To reports changes in plasma levels in professional racing cyclists. METHODS Plasma levels of the intracellular enzymes aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were measured resting and after exercise in professional cyclists participating in two road races: Vuelta Ciclista a Valencia (800 k...

In plants, algae, and most bacteria, the heme and chlorophyll precursor 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is formed from glutamate in a three-step process. First, glutamate is ligated to its cognate tRNA by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase. Activated glutamate is then converted to a glutamate 1-semialdehyde (GSA) by glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GTR) in an NADPH-dependent reaction. Subsequently, GSA is rearranged...

BACKGROUND While some dietary patterns are associated with the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), the relationship between dietary pattern and risk factors for CVD in patients with T2DM remains to be clarified. The aim of this study was to identify dietary patterns and investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and potential risk factors fo...

In diabetes screening with hemoglobin A1c in lieu of plasma glucose, the optimum cut-off point for predicting the incidence of diabetes mellitus in the four-year period was examined. In addition, considerations were given on items in the screening and questionnaire aside from hemoglobin A1c, which would be useful in predicting diabetes aside from hemoglobin A1c. The optimum cut-off point of hem...

Autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis is an overlap syndrome characterized by features of both autoimmune hepatitis and primary sclerosing cholangitis, the latter usually involving the large bile ducts. Autoimmune sclerosing cholangitis occurs more often in children than in adults and is frequently associated with inflammatory bowel disease, predominantly ulcerative colitis. We report a unique case...