The glucose sensor enzyme glucokinase plays a pivotal role in the regulation of glucose-induced insulin secretion in pancreatic beta-cells. Activation of glucokinase represents a promising concept for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Therefore, we analyzed the glucokinase activation through its physiological interaction partner, the bifunctional enzyme 6-phosphofructo-2-kinase/fructose-2,6-bis...

It has been recently shown that in rat liver there are two enzymes which phosphorylate glucose to glucose 6-phosphate. One of them is a hexokinase with a great affinity for glucose and, like those of other animal tissues it is inhibited by glucose 6phosphate; the other one, named glucokinase, has a low affinity for glucose, is not inhibited by glucose 6phosphate, and appears to be responsible f...

Conflicting data have been reported concerning the anomeric specificity of glucokinase. In the present study, liver hexokinase (Km for D-glucose 0.4 mM) displayed a higher affinity for but lower Vmax. with alpha- than with beta-D-glucose. The velocity of the reaction catalysed by liver glucokinase was higher with with beta- than with alpha-D-glucose, whatever the glucose concentration. The appa...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS Glucose sensing (eg. glucokinase activity) becomes impaired in the development of type 2 diabetes, the etiology of which is unclear. Estrogen can stimulate glucokinase activity, whereas the pervasive environmental pollutant bisphenol A (BPA) can inhibit estrogen action, hence we aimed to determine the effect of BPA on glucokinase activity directly. METHODS To evaluate a potent...

Glucokinase is one of four members of the hexokinase family of enzymes. Its expression is limited to the major organs (such as the pancreas, liver, brain and the gastrointestinal tract) that are thought to have an integrated role in glucose sensing. In the liver, phosphorylation of glucose by glucokinase promotes glycogen synthesis, whereas in the β-cells, it results in insulin release. Studies...

Introduction Glucokinase (hexokinase D) is an enzyme that phosphorylates glucose in hepatocytes totrap it in the cell and prime it for conversion to other compounds, yet this enzyme has low affinity to bind with glucose. In Diabetes Mellituspatients, the blood glucose level is poorly controled. Material and Methods This study explored the possibility to induce glucokinase activity with bioact...

Rat liver glucokinase (ATP:D-hexose 6-phosphotransferase, EC 2.7.1.1) was purified to homogeneity, cleaved, and subjected to amino acid sequence analysis. Forty-five percent of the protein sequence was obtained, and this information was used to design oligonucleotide probes to screen a rat liver cDNA library. A 1601-base pair cDNA (GK1) contained an open reading frame that encoded the amino aci...

In addition to the well-established cytoplasmic glucokinase (EC 2.7.1.2) (Walker, 1966; Walker & Parry, 1966; Niemeyer et al., 1975), some glucokinase activity possessing different kinetic characteristics is known to be associated with microsomal fractions of rat hepatocytes (Berthillier et al., 1970; Berthillier & Got, 1972). Most of this activity could be recovered in a Golgi-rich microsomal ...

Glucokinase is an ATP-glucose 6-phosphotransferase given a separate classification, EC 2.7.1.2, from the several isoenzyme forms of hexokinase (EC 2.7.1.1); this is justified by the difference in molecular weight, its relatively high K , value for glucose and the fact that it is not significantly inhibited by the product of the reaction, glucose 6-phosphate (Trayer, 198 I). Many observations on...