We have monitored the pattern of identified glomeruli in the olfactory bulbs of newborn, juvenile, and adult mice over intervals of several hours to several weeks. Our purpose was to assess the development and stability of these complex units in the mammalian brain. Glomeruli can be observed by vital fluorescent staining and laser-scanning confocal microscopy without causing acute or long-term ...

The effects of vasopressin, angiotensin II, and calcium ionophore A23187 were examined and compared on endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, in the absence of exogenous arachidonate, by glomeruli and cortical and medullary collecting tubules freshly prepared from rat kidney. Angiotensin II stimulated PGE2 production in the glomeruli but not in the collecting tubules. Vasopressin at con...

By using immunostaining and three-dimensional reconstruction, the anatomical organization of the antennal lobe glomeruli of the female cotton bollworm Helicoverpa armigera was investigated. Eighty-one glomeruli were identified, 15 of which were not previously discovered. The general anatomical organization of the AL of female is similar to that of male and all glomeruli were classified into fou...

11 The glomeruli of the kidney perform the key role of blood filtration and the number of glomeruli in a 12 kidney is correlated with susceptibility to chronic kidney disease and chronic cardiovascular disease, 13 driving interest in new technology such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure kidney 14 morphology in vivo. Magnetic nanoparticles of cationic ferritin have been used as MRI ...

Odours are represented by specific ensembles of activated glomeruli in a combinatorial manner within the olfactory bulb of vertebrates or the antennal lobe (AL) of insects. Here, we optically measured glomerular calcium activities in vivo in the honeybee Apis mellifera during olfactory stimulation with 36 pure chemicals differing systematically in carbon chain length (C-5-10) and functional gro...

This study examined the metabolism of arachidonic acid (AA) by cytochrome P-450 enzymes in isolated glomeruli and the effects of selective inhibitors of the synthesis of 20-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (20-HETE) and epoxyeicosatetraenoic acids (EETs) on glomerular permeability to albumin (P(alb)). Glomeruli avidly produced 20-HETE, EETs, dihydroxyeicosatetraenoic acids (diHETEs), and HETEs when...

Olfactory sensory neurons expressing a given odorant receptor gene project their axons with great precision to a few specific glomeruli in the olfactory bulb. It is not clear to which extent the positions of these glomeruli are fixed. We sought to evaluate the constancy of the glomerular array in the mouse by determining the relative positions of glomeruli for various odorant receptors, using a...

The possibility of missing the diagnosis of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) has been primarily attributed to the focal distribution of the sclerotic lesions, but this assumption has not been verified by any serial morphometric analysis of renal biopsy specimens. The aim of this study is to assess the size and the distribution of sclerotic lesions in primary FSGS and to establish the m...

In this report, we describe that NF-kappaB is spontaneously activated in isolated, normal glomeruli. Ex vivo incubation of isolated rat glomeruli triggered expression of a NF-kappaB-dependent gene, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1), in parallel with downregulation of IkappaBalpha and IkappaBbeta proteins and activation of the p65 NF-kappaB subunit. The induction of MCP-1 was also obser...

The mechanical properties of tissues and cells including renal glomeruli are important determinants of their differentiated state, function, and responses to injury but are not well characterized or understood. Understanding glomerular mechanics is important for understanding renal diseases attributable to abnormal expression or assembly of structural proteins and abnormal hemodynamics. We use ...