the caspian sea region, because of the proximity of two permanent powers - russia and iran- and the emergence of newly independent republics, is one of the most dynamic places in the world. in addition, the continuity of interests of other global actors, including the united states and europe, with the coastal countries has added to the complexity and dynamics. in this regard, the region energy...

  Background: It is well known that the hippocampus, the CA1 Pyramidal cells in particular, is selectively vulnerable during global cerebral ischemia. Recently, it is observed that pentoxifylline has a neuroprotective effect. This study explored the pharmacological relationship between ischemia-induced cell death of the hippocampus and the efficacy of a vasodilator agent (pentoxifylline) in the...

Most researchers agree that there is a continuum between well-definedness and ill-definedness. However, positioning a specific problem within this continuum is not always easy. To determine the degree of ill-definedness of a problem, in this paper, we propose a classification into the following five classes with respect to the size of the problems’s solution space: 1) one single solution, 2) on...

The generalized lattice point (GLF) problem provides a formulation that accommodates a var.lety of discrete alternative problems. In this paper we show how to substantlrlly strengthen the convexity cuts for the GLF problem. The new cuts are based on the identification of "synthesized" lattice point conditions to replace those that ordinarily define the cut. The synthesized conditions give an al...

This study proposes the use of product design in the development of new refrigerants. Product design involves the use of consumer preference functions as described by Bagajewicz (2007). Consumer preference functions relate the satisfaction of consumers to different refrigerants based on their properties. The properties examined in this study were toxicity, flammability, explosion potential, glo...

This paper describes the design a new evolving electrical power generation system with small wind turbine. Which offer solutions to meet local energy requirements of a specific location. Energy conservation decreases energy requirements, promotes energy efficiency and facilitates development of renewable. Wind energy dominates as an immediate viable cost effective option which promotes energy c...

Localization is one of the key aspects of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) that has attracted significant research interest. A wide variety of proposed approaches regarding the research topic has recently emerged; however, the majority of the existing approaches are limited by at least one of the following restrictions: inaccuracy, high cost, fast energy depletion, inappropriate indoor performan...