OBJECTIVE To determine whether MRI markers, including diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), can predict cognitive decline and dementia in patients with cerebral small vessel disease (SVD). METHODS In the prospective St George's Cognition and Neuroimaging in Stroke study, multimodal MRI was performed annually for 3 years and cognitive assessments annually for 5 years in a cohort of 99 patients with ...

There is a need to develop an outcome measure specific to music therapy in dementia that reflects a holistic picture of the therapy process and outcome. This study aimed to develop a clinically relevant and scientifically robust music therapy outcome measure incorporating the values and views of people with dementia. Focus groups and interviews were conducted to obtain qualitative data on what ...

BACKGROUND/AIMS Single, global or unitary, indicators of test diagnostic performance have intuitive appeal for clinicians. The Q* index, the point in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve space closest to the ideal top left-hand corner and where test sensitivity and specificity are equal, is one such measure. METHODS Datasets from four pragmatic accuracy studies which examined the Min...

There is a growing consensus that quality of life (QOL) is an important outcome for assessing the effectiveness of interventions for dementia, but there is no agreement about how to best measure it. Various approaches to QOL assessment have been employed to measure the QOL of persons with dementia, including patient self-report, caregiver proxy report and observational assessment by trained obs...

BACKGROUND The Clinical Dementia Rating Scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SOB) score is commonly used, although the utility regarding this score in staging dementia severity is not well established. OBJECTIVE To investigate the effectiveness of CDR-SOB scores in staging dementia severity compared with the global CDR score. DESIGN Retrospective study. SETTING Texas Alzheimer's Research Consortium mi...

neuropsychological studies have demonstrated that preclinical dementia accompanies a decreasing trend in cognitive state a few years prior to clinical diagnosis. sudden decline in episodic memory and semantic knowledge have been found to have the capability to differentiate patients in preclinical state of dementia from those experiencing normal aging. in addition, decline in episodic memory is...

INTRODUCTION In 2010, Alzheimer's Disease International presented estimates of the global cost of illness (COI) of dementia. Since then, new studies have been conducted, and the number of people with dementia has increased. Here, we present an update of the global cost estimates. METHODS This is a societal, prevalence-based global COI study. RESULTS The worldwide costs of dementia were esti...

OBJECTIVE Homelessness has frequently been associated with neuropsychological impairment. This has been observed using general screening tests for dementia as well as tests of more focal abilities, particularly executive function. Most studies have been of homeless individuals from North America with none reported from Japan. METHODS In this exploratory study we interviewed a sample of 16 hom...

BACKGROUND It was recently demonstrated that the Clinical Dementia Rating scale Sum of Boxes (CDR-SB) score can be used to accurately stage severity of Alzheimer dementia and mild cognitive impairment (MCI). However, to our knowledge, the utility of those interpretive guidelines has not been cross-validated or applied to a heterogeneous sample of dementia cases. OBJECTIVE To cross-validate th...