Abstract I n this paper, the behavior of the real oil price and OPEC and non-OPEC oil production during 1973-2013 are modelled. Interactions among OPEC, non-OPEC oil production, global oil consumption, and the real price of crude oil are estimated using a Structural VAR model (SVAR). After providing evidence for the structural breaks in oil price in 1996, the results indicate that, ac...

The COVID 19 global pandemic has impacted all the economies in a disruptive manner resulting precariousness and financial market volatility. Exchange rate pressure situation signifies underlying stress to policymakers. present state witness no upsurge dollar as against other currencies, vulnerability exchange is dependent majorly on foreign reserves, commodities exports etc. paper tries investi...

Gold price forecasting has been a hot issue in economics recently. In this work, wavelet neural network (WNN) combined with a novel artificial bee colony (ABC) algorithm is proposed for this gold price forecasting issue. In this improved algorithm, the conventional roulette selection strategy is discarded. Besides, the convergence statuses in a previous cycle of iteration are fully utilized as ...

The 20thcentury has produced a rich array ofmonetary experience. The experience can be organized in several different ways. One emphasizes the role ofgold in international monetary arrangements. Early in the century, domestic monies of major trading countries were convertible into gold at a pre-established fixed price, and gold coins circulated. Currently, governments do not set the price of go...

This paper examines for the first time the existence of psychological barriers in a variety of daily and intra-day gold price series. This paper uses a number of statistical procedures and presents evidence of psychological barriers in gold prices. We document that prices in round numbers act as barriers with important effects on the conditional mean and variance of the gold price series around...

in view of the importance of the meat imports and the exports of meat in iran, this study focuses on the status of the global market of meat imports the unit price test in these markets between the years 1961 and 2011 using the market cointegration approach. the results of this study are indicative of prices co-integration in the international market of meat as well as among such major importer...