Ghost variables are assignable variables that appear in program annotations but do not correspond to physical entities. They are used to facilitate specification and verification, e.g., by using a ghost variable to count the number of iterations of a loop, and also to express extra-functional behaviours. In this paper we give a formal model of ghost variables and show how they can be eliminated...

hemiscorpius lepturus belonging to hemiscorpiidae family is the most venomous of all types of scorpion existing in south west of iran causing hemoglobinuria and dermal lesions by envenomation. we compare the hemolytic pattern upon time in different domestic animals upon time according to their different sphingomyelin contents. in addition other in vitro hematologic parameters, platelet lysis, c...

The dependence of the gluon and ghost propagator in pure SU(3) gauge theory on the choice of Gribov copies in Landau gauge is studied. Simulations were performed on several lattice sizes at β = 5.8, 6.0 and 6.2. In the infrared region the ghost propagator turns out to depend on the choice, while the impact on the gluon propagator is not resolvable. Also the eigenvalue distribution of the Faddee...

dear editor: thank you for your letter ref. no 2003-2 dated 7 november 2010 regarding the comments of an ophthalmologist from thailand named professor viroj wiwan on my article titled “evaluation of contrast sensitivity, color vision and visual acuity in patients with and without diabetes”. he has suggested that the combination of existing tests may be a good way to increase the sensitivity of ...

OBJECTIVES To assess the knowledge and behaviour of researchers regarding criteria for authorship, and the practices of ghost and gift authorship. DESIGN Semidirective interviews of senior clinical researchers. SETTING University hospital. PARTICIPANTS Thirty-nine main investigators of clinical research programmes. MAIN MEASUREMENTS Awareness and use of International Committee of Medica...

The color matrix elements of the ghost triangle diagram that appears in the triple gluon vertex and the ghost-ghost-gluon triangle diagram that appears in the ghost-gluon-ghost vertex are calculated. The ghost-ghost-gluon triangle contains a loop consisting of two color diagonal ghosts and one gluon and a loop consisting of two color antisymmetric ghosts and one gluon. Consequently, the pQCD ar...

Essay " What is the purpose of publications?…[The] purpose of data is to support, directly or indirectly, the marketing of our product. " [1] There are many reports of medical journal articles being researched and written by or on behalf of pharmaceutical companies, and then published under the name of academics who had played little role earlier in the research and writing process [2–14]. In e...

We compare the performance of high-order thermal ghost imaging with that of conventional (that is, lowest-order) thermal ghost imaging for different data processing methods. Particular attention is given to high-order thermal ghost imaging with background normalization and conventional ghost imaging with background subtraction. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the ghost image is used as the...

An attempt was made to find out the nature of catalase coritained in the red cell, especially in the ghost, For this the red cell ghost isolated were washed several times with CO2-saturated water or deionized water and the catalase activity per gram protein of the ghost was estimated. It was found that despite several washings, the catalase activity/gram protein of the ghost do not decrease as ...

This paper analyzes the increase in professionals in Brazil's Northeastern Region resulting from the Mais Médicos (More Doctors) Program. The scale of the increase was analyzed through the indicator Hospitalizations for Primary-Care Sensitive Conditions (HPSCs). The method used was a quantitative approach, based on data on distribution of doctors and service they provided in these states, and o...