Data from the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) collocated-sampler program for the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network (NADP/NTN) are used to estimate the overall error of NADP/NTN measurements. Absolute errors are estimated by comparison of paired measurements from collocated instruments. Spatial and temporal differences in absolute error were identified and are consist...

The present study deals with the estimation of the advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer (ASTER) data for geological application. Visible, near-infrared and short wave infrared reflectance data (9 ASTER bands) have been processed and interpreted in framework of a mapping project concerning the western margin of the Kalahari desert. A methodology has been applied to appa...

As the Internet develops into a more powerful cyberinfrastructure (the Grid), Geological Survey knowledge will enter a framework where users assess its value by its relevance and evaluated reliability rather than its source, and artificial boundaries of place and discipline lose significance. Within Geological Surveys, much effort has been devoted to the development of the geological map throug...

The gravity field and derivatives generated with the high resolution EIGEN-6C2 gravity model which includes satellite gravity data of GOCE (Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer) has been utilized for geological appraisal of the Singhbhum-Orissa Craton, India. The GOCE only field gravity data and in situ gravity data of the same area have been utilized for comparative assess...

The Initial stages of velocity model building (VMB) start off from smooth models that capture geological assumptions of the subsurface region under analysis. Acceptable velocity models result from successive iterations of human intervention (interpreter) and seismic data processing within complex workflows. The interpreters ensure that any additions or corrections made by seismic processing are...

This study proposes a segmentation procedure based on multivariate texture to extract spatial objects from an image scene. Object uncertainty is quantified to identify transitions zones of objects with indeterminate boundaries. The Local Binary Pattern (LBP) operator, modelling texture, is integrated into a hierarchical splitting segmentation to identify homogeneous texture regions in an image....

The Sunda Arc forms an almost continuous chain of islands and thus a potential dispersal corridor between mainland Southeast Asia and Melanesia. However, the Sunda Islands have rather different geological histories, which might have had an important impact on actual dispersal routes and community assembly. Here, we reveal the biogeographical history of hyperdiverse and flightless Trigonopterus ...

1. Geological Time: A Summary 2. Reconstruction and Relative Dating of Earth History 2.1. Early Ideas and Basic Principles 2.2. Uniformitarianism and Catastrophism 2.3. Geological Catastrophes and Events: Particular Historical Geological Phenomena 2.4. Rates of Geological Processes in Terms of Human Timescales 2.4.1. Earth Crust Movements 2.4.2. Plutonic and Volcanic Processes 2.4.3. Weathering...