Geant4 [ref G1, ref G2] is a simulation toolkit written in C++ using Object-Oriented principles, and re-engineered from the Fortran-based Geant3. As of Geant 3.21, the Fortran code is officially no longer supported. Geant4 is developed and maintained by a world-wide collaboration including centers at CERN, SLAC, FNAL, KEK and others. The code is available without cost at http://geant4.cern.ch, ...

The major differences between the physics models in Geant4-DNA and RITRACKS Monte Carlo packages are investigated. Proton and electron ionisation interactions and electron excitation interactions in water are investigated in the current work. While these packages use similar semiempirical physics models for inelastic cross-sections, the implementation of these models is demonstrated to be signi...

PURPOSE To test and to develop Geant4 (Geometry And Tracking version 4) Monte Carlo hadronic models with focus on applications in a space radiation environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Monte Carlo simulations have been performed using the Geant4 toolkit. Binary (BIC), its extension for incident light ions (BIC-ion) and Bertini (BERT) cascades were used as main Monte Carlo generators. For co...

The purpose of this work is to extend the Geant4-DNA Monte Carlo toolkit include electron interactions with four DNA bases using a set cross sections recently implemented in Geant-DNA CPA100 models and available for liquid water. Electron interaction elastic scattering, ionisation, electronic excitation were calculated adenine, thymine, guanine cytosine. energy range extended relativistic elect...

In this note we present an update of the validation of Geant4 hadronic physics against the ATLAS pixel 2001 test-beam data. Furthermore, we also report the comparison with Fluka simulation, using the same Geant4 geometry, navigation and digitization.

Research is currently focused on maximizing cancer cell death while minimizing harm to healthy cells. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been extensively studied as a radiosensitizer improve sparing normal tissue. Previous research and simulations demonstrated that the presence of single GNP increases DNA damage dose. In this study, Monte Carlo simulation using Geant4-DNA code was used investigate ...

The Geometry modeller is a key component of the Geant4 toolkit [1,2]. It has been designed to exploit at the best the features provided by the Geant4 simulation toolkit, allowing the description of the geometrical structure of complex detectors in a natural way, ranging from a few up to hundreds of thousands volumes of the LHC experiments, as well as human phantoms for medical applications or d...