Low temperature carburizing (LTC) treatment improves surface hardness and wear resistance of the austenitic stainless steels without reducing their corrosion resistance. Surface hardness over 1000 Vickers and compressive residual stresses whose modulus exceeds 1500 MPa are usually achieved in the carburized layer, thanks to the formation of the so-called “S-phase”, a carbonsupersaturated austen...