Racotumomab is a murine anti-idiotype cancer vaccine targeting NeuGcGM3 on melanoma, breast, and lung cancer. In order to characterize the immunogenicity of alum-adsorbed racotumomab in a non-clinical setting, Leghorn chickens were immunized in dose levels ranging from 25 μg to 1600 μg. Racotumomab was administered subcutaneously in the birds' neck with three identical boosters and serum sample...

Fluorescent derivatives of gangliosides were prepared by oxidizing the sialyl residues to aldehydes and reacting them with fluorescent hydrazides. When rhodaminyl gangliosides were incubated with lymphocytes, the cells incorporated them in a time- and temperature-dependent manner. Initially, the gangliosides were evenly distributed on the cell surface but were redistributed into patches and cap...

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Immunotherapy targeting ganglioside antigens is a powerful tool for the treatment of high risk neuroblastoma. However, only treatment with anti-GD2 antibodies has been used in clinical practice and other options may be pursued. We report the use of racotumomab, an anti-idiotype vaccine against N-glycolyl neuraminic acid (NeuGc)- containing gangliosides, eliciting an immune response in a child w...

Exoenzyme S from Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been studied as an adhesion for glycosphingolipids and buccal cells. Binding of exoenzyme S to gangliotriosylceramide (GalNAc beta 1-4Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer), gangliotetraosylceramide (Gal beta 1-3 GalNAcT beta 1-4 Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer), and lactosylceramide (Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer) separated on thin-layer chromatograms was observed. ...

Cholera toxin (CT) binds ganglioside GM1 and has been used as an adjuvant in transcutaneous immunization. To determine if the adjuvant property of CT was merely due to binding to ganglioside GM1, mice were immunized by the transcutaneous route using hen egg lysozyme (HEL) as the antigen, and either CT or synthetic peptides that bind to ganglioside GM1 as the adjuvant, and the immune responses w...

Plasma exchange and intravenous immunoglobulin are effective in treating Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) probably because the former removes IgG autoantibodies and complement and the latter inhibits complement activation subsequent to the autoantibody binding to peripheral nerve antigens. IgG degrading enzyme of Streptococcus pyogenes (IdeS) can cleave the pathogenic autoantibodies into F(ab')2 a...