Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan has been widely used as standard method of assessing bone density. Artefacts and incidental findings are frequently encountered on the DEXA scan images, some of which may affect bone mineral density values and the others are only of incidental findings. In this case report, we present a 44-year-old male diagnosed with pulmonary microlithiasis that wa...

BACKGROUND Testicular microlithiasis is a rare, usually asymptomatic, non-progressive disease of the testes associated with various genetic anomalies, infertility and testicular tumors. According to our literature search, there is no specific data about Doppler findings in this disease. CASE PRESENTATION Doppler findings of three cases of testicular microlithiasis during last two years in our...

OBJECTIVE Ultrasound surveillance of patients with testicular microlithiasis (TM) has been recommended because of the reported association between TM and testicular cancer (TC). The purpose of this review is to summarize what is known about TM and discuss recent recommendations. CONCLUSION The most recent recommendations do not support the use of routine ultrasound surveillance for patients w...

OBJECTIVE To discuss the relationship between testicular microlithiasis and testis tumors in children and to consider the chances of testis preserving surgery in specific cases. CASE DESCRIPTION Pre-adolescent presenting testicular microlithiasis and a larger left testis, corresponding to a cystic testicular tumor. The tumor was excised, with ipsilateral testis preservation. Histology diagnos...

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a disorder in which many tiny fragments (microliths) of calcium phosphate gradually accumulate in alveoli. Loss of function mutations in the gene SLC34A2 coding for the sodium phosphate co-transporter (NaPi-IIb) are responsible for genetic forms of alveolar microlithiasis. We now report a consanguineous Italian family from Calabria with two affected members ...

Pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare diffuse lung disease characterized by widespread sand-like intra-alveolar calcifications (calcospherites composed of calcium and phosphorus). Around 800 cases have been reported in the literature to date. We report here a case of a 35 years old female with prolonged h/o of exertional dyspnoea and mild cough. Clinical examination was mostly normal. Her...

Microlithiasis is the underlying cause in a significant proportion of patients with "idiopathic" acute pancreatitis. The mechanism appears to be a relative deficiency of phosphatidylcholine in bile, with fast and extensive cholesterol crystallization as a result. Diagnosis of microlithiasis by microscopic detection of cholesterol crystals in bile is important and should lead to appropriate ther...

OBJECTIVES The present study investigates the outcome of Fowler-Stephens operation in prepubertal Wistar rats focused on microlithiasis and Leydig cell hyperplasia development. METHODS Thirty-eight (38) animals underwent laparoscopic Fowler-Stephens operation on the right testis (8 of them formed the control group) and 6 of them additional contra-lateral orchectomy. The testes were examined h...