Expression of the human GADD45a gene is increased in TK6 cells exposed to mutagens, clastogens and aneugens. It is known to be regulated through both p53-dependent and p53-independent pathways and WT1 has been implicated in both cases. This article reports an investigation into the effect that mutations in the WT1 and p53 response elements of the gene have on GADD45a expression. This was conduc...

PURPOSE The growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 gene (GADD45a) is one of the downstream mediators of the p53 gene that stimulates DNA excision repair. The present study was designed to assess the clinicopathological significance of GADD45a and p53 in resectable invasive ductal carcinomas (IDCs) of the pancreas. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN This study included 72 pancreatic IDC patients who recei...

Atm, p53, and Gadd45a form part of a DNA-damage cellular response pathway; the absence of any one of these components results in increased genomic instability. We conducted an in vivo examination of the frequency of spontaneous homologous recombination in Atm-, p53-, or Gadd45a-deficient mice. In the absence of p53, we observed the greatest increase in events, a lesser increase in the absence o...

The aberrant activity of CD4(+) T cells in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with DNA hypomethylation of the regulatory regions in CD11a and CD70 genes. Our previous studies demonstrated that Gadd45a contributes to the development of SLE by promoting DNA demethylation in CD4(+) T cells. In this study, we identified proteins that bind to Gadd45a in CD4(+) T cells dur...

TAFII70, a member of the basal transcription complex implicated in p53-mediated transcription, is synthesized as several alternately spliced variants. The predominant forms found in normal and neoplastic breast epithelial cells are shown to be 72 kDa (TAFII70) and 78 kDa (TAFII80). Most cancers express higher levels of the TAFII80 isoform, whereas normal breast epithelia express higher levels o...

BACKGROUND Although the antitumor effects of fucoxanthin are known, the precise mechanism of action has yet to be elucidated. MATERIALS AND METHODS HepG2 and DU145 cells were used for these investigations. The effect of fucoxanthin on gene expression was assayed using a DNA microarray system. Northern blot and/or quantitative RT-PCR were carried out to confirm any changes in gene expression. ...

Although DNA methylation patterns in somatic cells are thought to be relatively stable, they undergo dramatic changes during embryonic development, gametogenesis, and during malignant transformation. The enzymology of DNA methyltransferases is well understood, but the mechanism that removes methylated cytosines from DNA (active DNA demethylation) has remained enigmatic. Recently, a role of the ...

Increased expression of angiotensin II type 2 receptor (AT2R) induces apoptosis in numerous tumor cell lines, with either Angiotensin II-dependent or Angiotensin II-independent regulation, but its molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we used PCR Array analysis to determine the gene and microRNA expression profiles in human prostate cancer cell lines transduced with AT2R recombin...

Objective(s): The placenta provides nutrients and oxygen to embryo and removes waste products from embryo’s blood. As far as we know, the effects of exposure to Wi-Fi (2.4 GHz) signals on placenta have not been evaluated. Hence, we examined the effect of prenatal exposure to Wi-Fi signals on anti-oxidant capacity, expressions of CDKNA1, and GADD45a as well as apoptosis...

Active DNA demethylation regulates epigenetic gene activation in numerous processes, but how the target site specificity of DNA demethylation is determined and what factors are involved are still poorly understood. Here we show that the tumor suppressor inhibitor of growth protein 1 (Ing1) is required for targeting active DNA demethylation. Ing1 functions by recruiting the regulator of DNA deme...