UNLABELLED BACKGROUND Biotransformation offers chemo enzymatic system to modify the compounds into their novel analogues which are difficult to synthesize by chemical methods. This paper describes the biotransformational studies of ambrox, one of the most important components of natural Ambergris (wale sperm) with fungal and plant cell culture. RESULTS Biotransformation of (-)-ambrox (1) w...

Artemisinin, a sesquiterpene lactone, is the active antimalarial constituent of Artemisia annua. Several fungal strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus niger and Picchia pastoris were used to biotransform artemisinin. Among these strains, A. flavus was the only microorganism capable of transforming artemisinin to deoxyartemisinin in higher yields than the previous repo...

Recently, the increased use of monocyclic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs has resulted in their presence in the environment. This may have potential negative effects on living organisms. The biotransformation mechanisms of monocyclic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in the human body and in other mammals occur by hydroxylation and conjugation with glycine or glucuronic acid. Biotrans...

In the current work, effects of biochar, vermicompost, as well their combined application on ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) and bacteria (AOB) in soils contaminated with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) were investigated. this regard, four treatments performed; among them, treatment A served a control without additive, B vermicompost (2%), C biochar D (2%) plus (2%). addition, abundance struc...

To improve current bioaccumulation assessment methods, a methodology is developed, applied, and investigated for measuring in vivo biotransformation rates of hydrophobic organic substances in the body (soma) and gastrointestinal tract of the fish. The method resembles the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) 305 dietary bioaccumulation test but includes reference chemic...

the great demand of people for consumption of natural additives resulted in producing natural vanillin. there are plant sources and chemical procedures for vanillin production but microbial bioconversions are being sought as a suitable alternative. in the present work, the ability to produce vanillin from isoeugenol was screened using growing cultures of various bacteria. among the 56 strains o...

As conventional physico-chemical heavy-metal remediation technologies like ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, electrodialysis etc. are becoming extremely expensive, the possibility of use of microorganisms in bioremediation or biorecovery of different heavy metals from industrial effluents is extensively explored by different workers. Hexavalent chromium stressed environmental fungal isolates from ...