تعارفات کنش های گفتاری هستند که افراد در زندگی روزمر? خود به منظور برقراری دوستی یا تداوم روابط مسالمت آمیز به کار می برند. ساز و کار تعارف مختص زبان انگلیسی یا هر زبان دیگری نیست و پدیده ای است جهانی و در همه زبانها حضور دارد. تفاوتی که از این نظر در زبانها و فرهنگ ها وجود دارد مربوط به پاسخ به این کنش گفتاری در گفتمان است. این مطالعه به بررسی تنوع پاسخ های انگلیسی و عربی به کنش گفتاری تعارف د...

abstract this study investigated the predictability of variables from a motivational framework as well as individuals qualities to predict three non-linguistic outcomes of language learning. gardners socio-educational model with its measures has been used in the current study. individual qualities presented in this study include (1) age, (2) gender, and (3) language learning experience. the...

the quest for power has formed much of the world history especially in 20th and 21st centuries. oil (energy) particularly after industrial revolution has been a tool for conquest and power and has been transformed to a geopolitical issue. from a geopolitical point of view this has been the case for the last two centuries in central asia and caucasus. central asia and caucasus has always been...

the speech act of disagreement has been one of the speech acts that has received the least attention in the field of pragmatics. this study investigates the ways power relations, social distance, formality of the context, gender, and language proficiency (for efl learners) influence disagreement and politeness strategies. the participants of the study were 200 male and female native persian s...

monumental changes occurring on a daily basis have altered the world into a global village of expanding technology and shrinking geography in which preparing language learners for intercultural communication seems to be a sine qua non for modern language education. employing a cross-sectional design in its first phase, this study investigated the intercultural sensitivity and language proficien...