Selection of frost tolerant cultivars and understanding the mechanisms of frost hardiness could help to improve freezing resistance in olive plants. Olive cultivars may differ in frost hardiness due to differential survival of specific organs. The aim of this study was to screen different olive cultivars based on their stomatal density and metabolic modifications under cold conditions. The ‘Zar...

Background Freezing process has destructive effect on different functions of sperm. Therefore, sperm motility was reduced and apoptosis and DNA damage and also levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased. Insulin-like factor-3 (INSL3) is a member of Relaxin family and directly affects on spermatogenesis and also plays a protective role against apoptosis. Therefore, with due regard to...

A major cause of male infertility, which includes 50 causes of infertility, is oxidative stress.  The aerobic respiration in the sperm cell is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Some reactions such as sperm capacitation and acrosome reactions require moderate levels of ROS. However, when the amount of ROS production surpasses the natural antioxidant defense of the ...

Background The purpose was to investigate the effect of the duration of gamete incubation on fertilization rate, embryo cleavage, and embryo quality before and after freezing in mice. MaterialsAndMethods Ovulated oocytes collected from superovulated mice after ip injection of PMSG and hCG were divided randomly into control and experimental groups. Oocytes from the control group were inseminated...

Introduction: The use of cord stem cells, as a cell source for bone marrow reconstruction in patient under hematopoietic stem cell transplantation is enhancing. The amount of CD34+cells collected from cord blood compared to peripheral blood and bone marrow are less, but their collectionprocesure is easier. Delay in freezing has negative effect on cells surveillance and reduce their ability in ...

Changes in membrane lipid composition play important roles in plant adaptation to and survival after freezing. Plant response to cold and freezing involves three distinct phases: cold acclimation, freezing, and post-freezing recovery. Considerable progress has been made toward understanding lipid changes during cold acclimation and freezing, but little is known about lipid alteration during pos...

Ground thermal energy as a clean and sustainable energy source has received significant attention lately. Several strategies and hybrid configurations have been proposed to harvest geothermal energy for air conditioning and industrial purposes. The possibility of moist soil freezing in the vicinity of borehole tubes is known to be the source of several benefits and difficulties. The high storag...