The term fractional calculus is more than 300 years old. It is a generalization of the ordinary differentiation and integration to non-integer (arbitrary) order. The subject is as old as the calculus of differentiation and goes back to times when Leibniz, Gauss, and Newton invented this kind of calculation. In a letter to L’Hospital in 1695 Leibniz raised the following question (Miller and Ross...

It is well known that the complex step method is a tool that calculates derivatives by imposing a complex step in a strict sense. We extended the method by employing the fractional calculus differential operator in this paper. The fractional calculus can be taken in the sense of the Caputo operator, Riemann-Liouville operator, and so forth. Furthermore, we derived several approximations for com...

This report is aimed at the engineering and/or scientific professional who wishes to learn about Fractional Calculus and its possible applications in his/her field(s) of study. The intent is to first expose the reader to the concepts, applicable definitions, and execution of fractional calculus (including a discussion of notation, operators, and fractional order differential equations), and sec...

There are various fractional order systems existing. This paper deals with the modelling of fractional order systems using an old and unique model structure i.e. state space model. The fractional order process system can be mathematically modelled by state space model. Simulation results validated that the fractional order model using state space is better as compared to other models such as fi...

in this paper, we consider the second-kind chebyshev polynomials (skcps) for the numerical solution of the fractional optimal control problems (focps). firstly, an introduction of the fractional calculus and properties of the shifted skcps are given and then operational matrix of fractional integration is introduced. next, these properties are used together with the legendre-gauss quadrature fo...

Fractional calculus has been widely used in mathematical modeling of evolutionary systems with memory effect on dynamics. The main interest this work is to attest, through a statistical approach, how the hysteresis phenomenon, which describes type present biological systems, can be treated by fractional calculus. We also analyse contribution historical values function evaluation operators accor...

In this paper a fractional order PI controller (FOPI) is proposed for the speed control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor(PMSM). Fractional calculus is introduced into the PI controller, and proposes a robust fractional order PI controller (FOPI) for the speed control of a PMSM .PMSM drive system is a nonlinear system which is sensitive to load disturbance, parameter variation, unmodelled a...

During the past three decades, the subject of fractional calculus (that is, calculus of integrals and derivatives of arbitrary order) has gained considerable popularity and importance, mainly due to its demonstrated applications in numerous diverse and widespread fields in science and engineering. For example, fractional calculus has been successfully applied to problems in system biology, phys...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Imaging-based tumor grading is highly desirable but faces challenges in sensitivity, specificity, and diagnostic accuracy. A recently proposed diffusion imaging method by using a fractional order calculus model offers a set of new parameters to probe not only the diffusion process itself but also intravoxel tissue structures, providing new opportunities for noninvasive tu...