Teacher self-efficacy (TSE) is associated with a multitude of positive outcomes for teachers and students. However, the development of TSE is an under-researched area. Bandura (1997) proposed four sources of self-efficacy: mastery experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective states. This study introduces a first instrument to assess the four sources for...

The present study investigated how learners use feedback information on their test results. We also examined the effects of the type of feedback and learners’ achievement goals on the manner in which feedback information was reviewed. In an experimental study (N = 42 undergraduate and graduate students), we tracked eye movements of the participants while they took a critical thinking test and r...

The present study investigated how Taiwanese children’s perceptions of classroom goal structure and personal goal orientations were related to each other and to their engagement in handicapping and test anxiety. Three hundred and twenty-six sixth-graders completed a self-report survey assessing their achievement goal orientations, perceptions of the classroom goal structure, use of self-handica...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES To determine whether mastery, the personal control felt over occurrences perceived to have an important effect on one's life, influences the resolution of pain and fatigue severity. DESIGN Secondary data analysis of two randomized clinical trials. SETTING Accrual from two comprehensive cancer centers, one community oncology program, and six hospital-affiliated ambulatory ...

The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between enactive mastery experiences (with computers, the Internet, training, online courses, and hybrid course experiences) and online course selfefficacy (OCSE). A total of 94 mid-Illinois university students participated in the research. Pearson’s correlation and multiple regression analyses were employed. Among the experiences, only on...

This study investigated the association between environmental mastery and depression in a sample of 96 older adults (aged 64–98 years) in residential care. The participants completed a scale that assessed depression along with measures for risk factors for depression such as functional capacity, self-evaluated physical health, bereavement experiences and environmental mastery. The results showe...

BACKGROUND The role of social support and personality within the cancer caregiving process has remained a relatively unexplored area. The current longitudinal study examines the main and moderating effects on caregiver experiences and caregiver's depression over time of various social and psychologic resources. METHODS Newly diagnosed colorectal carcinoma patients and their partners (N = 148)...

The present article presents an integrative theoretical framework to explain and to predict psychological changes achieved by different modes of treatment. This theory states that psychological procedures, whatever their form, alter the level and strength of self-efficacy. It is hypothesized that expectations of personal efficacy determine whether coping behavior will be initiated, how much eff...

PURPOSE Factors that support self-efficacy in family-centered care (FCC) must be understood in order to foster FCC in trainees. Using social cognitive theory, the authors examined (1) how three supportive experiences (observing role models, practicing for mastery, and receiving feedback) influence self-efficacy with FCC during rounds and (2) whether the influence of these supportive experiences...