Soaring global food prices are threatening to push more poor people back below the poverty line; this will probably become aggravated by the serious challenge that increasing population and climate changes are posing for food security. There is growing evidence that human activities involving fossil fuel consumption and land use are contributing to greenhouse gas emissions and consequently chan...

an increase in energy prices will decrease the fossil fuel consumption; on the other hand, the cost-push will encourage technology improvement for firms and households. these changes will affect the emission level.this paper studies the changes of yearly pollutant emissions after an energy price reform in iran. we apply a computable general equilibrium model which consists of 7 energy goods (el...

When do governments adopt ambitious climate policy? Charting the theoretical territory between change politics and long-term policymaking, this paper highlights role of electoral competition in shaping how politicians respond to intertemporal tradeoff one important mitigation policy: fossil fuel taxation. The more secure government is office, insulated it from vagaries political competition, li...

Optimal climate policy is studied in a Ramsey growth model. A developing economy weighs global warming less, hence is more likely to exhaust fossil fuel and exacerbate global warming. The optimal carbon tax is higher for a developed economy. We analyze the optimal time of transition from fossil fuel to renewables, amount of fossil fuel to leave in situ, and carbon tax. Subsidizing a backstop wi...

Cities are increasingly challenged in sustaining their growing populations with food. As fossil energy reserves are depleted, the sustainability of food production is highly dependent on the ability to yield more food relative to resource use. In preparing cities for peak oil, urban food systems are therefore needed that make better use of local and renewable resources, as opposed to imported a...

Tea industry plays a major part in the economy of the North Eastern region of India. About 54% of the tea produced in India comes from North East region. The energy requirement of the industry is high and is being provided by utilization of conventional fuel till now. But the increasing prices of fossil fuel have affected the economy of the industry and the production prices have gone up. This ...

Forests make up large ecosystems and by the uptake of carbon dioxide can play an important role in mitigating the greenhouse effect. In this study, mitigation of carbon emissions through carbon uptake and storage in forest biomass and the use of forest biofuel for fossil fuel substitution were considered. The analysis was performed for a 3.2 million hectare region in northern Sweden. The object...

The objective of this paper is to measure the price impacts of the major regulatory interventions in the England & Wales wholesale electricity market from 1 April 1990 to 31 March 2002. More particularly, to establish whether falling prices during 1999-2002 were caused by the regulator (‘Ofgem 7 forcing the dominant duopoly of fossil fuel generators to divest coal-fired plant, or because the Po...