location, 39accessible, 78annotation statement, 86assert, 89assignable, 78assume, 88augmented postcondition, 83augmented precondition, 83axiom, 42 Behavioral Interface Speci cation Lan-guage, 1behavioral subtype, 25\bigint, 12, 48 call stack, 17, 18class, 12Class (type), 12code fragment, 12annotated, 12constraint, see history const...

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We present work on a formal model for the composition of objectoriented modules, or hyperslices, which represent different perspectives on the system being built. With the model, we should be able to study existing approaches such as subject-oriented programming, as well as extend other object-oriented languages, such as the UML, to accommodate the use of hyperslices. We show here a sample of t...

This article describes an empirical study where use cases and class diagrams (semi-formal modeling) and Z language (formal modeling) were used to make a requirements specification of an information system. The study presents some benefits of formal modeling for the quality improvement during the requirements specification of an information system. The empirical study was developed based on a re...

Despite promoting precise modelling and analysis, architecture description languages (ADLs) have not yet gained the expected momentum. Indeed, practitioners prefer using far less formal languages like UML, thus hindering formal verification of models. One of the main issues with ADLs derives from process algebras which practitioners view as having a steep learning curve. In this paper, we intro...

In this paper we investigate whether more accurate modeling of differences in language in different types of conversations, e.g. formal presentations vs. spontaneous conversations can improve the quality of a language model. We also investigate whether the modeling of sentence lengths can improve a language model. A language model is an important component of statistical natural language proces...

We extend the language (ML), which was designed to describe models of expertise in a formal way with an explicit model of uncertainty. Doing this we follow a framework for modeling uncertain expertise which has been presented elsewhere. We review the language (ML)2and the framework for uncertain expertise. Finally we present the language FLUE (Formal Language for Uncertain Expertise) which is t...