background: osteoporosis is a chronic disease that contributes substantially to decrease physical activity and decline in the quality of life. osteoporosis can be diagnosed easily with the use of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (dxa) equipment. the aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude of bone loss on proximal femur and lumbar spine ls in pre- and post-menopausal women from isfaha...

it is well known fact that binary relations are generalized mathematical functions. contrary to functions from domain to range, binary relations may assign to each element of domain two or more elements of range. some basic operations on functions such as the inverse and composition are applicable to binary relations as well. depending on the domain or range or both are fuzzy value fuzzy set, i...

In the theory of hyperrings, fundamental relations make a connection between hyperrings and ordinary rings. Commutative fundamental rings and the fundamental relation α which is the smallest strongly regular relation in hyperringswere introduced by Davvaz and Vougiouklis (2007). Recently, another strongly regular relation named θ on hyperrings has been studied by Ameri and Norouzi (2013). Ameri...

With the aim of developing recent theory dependence relations, we elaborate a procedure to measure strength influence an element on another with respect given relation finite set. We call this degree influence. Its definition is based partial hyperoperation and directed graph which associate any relation. compute in various examples prove some general properties. Among these properties, find sy...