OBJECTIVES Brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) is associated with risk factors providing information on cardiovascular prognosis. Despite the large effort to standardize the methodology, the FMD examination is still characterized by problems of reproducibility and reliability that can be partially overcome with the use of automatic systems. We developed real-time software for the asses...

BACKGROUND Since flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) is influenced by different factors, its clinical usefulness and validation is widely discussed. AIM To assess the major factors that determine FMD values in a wide range of subjects with and without cardiovascular (CV) risk factors/diseases (CVRF/CVD). METHODS AND RESULTS 617 consecutive patients (mean age: 50.1 ± 14.9 years, males: 349/56.5%)...

Introductionl-arginine supplementation may improve vascular endothelial function. As tree nuts and groundnuts are a source of the amino acid l-arginine, we performed meta-analysis human randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to compare effects nut groundnut consumption with those l-arginine on fasting postprandial function as assessed by flow-mediated vasodilation brachial artery (FMD).MethodsSumm...

Indonesia has been hit by outbreak of foot and mouth disease (FMD) after more than 30 years being free FMD. This study aimed to determine the level transmission FMD virus potential economic losses due outbreak. The method used in this research was a case which data for analysis secondary data. analytical reproduction number (R0) impact using Rushton Knight formula. results showed that rate R0 =...

Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) endemic regions contain three-quarters of the world's FMD susceptible livestock and most of the world's poor livestock keepers. Yet FMD impact on smallholders in these regions is poorly understood. Diseases of low mortality can exert a large impact if incidence is high. Modelling and field studies commonly find high FMD incidence in endemic countries. Sero-surveys t...

Humoral immune response was evaluated by monitoring the serum antibody titres and virus specific IgM titres against Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) virus antigens in serum samples obtained from different groups of calves inoculated with combined vaccine or FMD vaccine alone, on 0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 42 and 56 days post-vaccination (DPV). The cellular immune response was monitored by MTT based lymphopr...

A historical review of foot and mouth disease (FMD) in non-domestic species is given and the use of FMD vaccines to protect those species is described. Several non-domestic species are susceptible to FMD. Legislation in many countries, based on the definition of FMD-free status as determined by the Office International des Epizooties (OIE: World organisation for animal health), forms an importa...

In the wake of on-going successful programmes for global eradication of rinderpest and the current effort to contain the spread of avian influenza, the progressive world-wide control of FMD must be regarded as a major contribution to the international public good. FMD is the single most animal disease constraint to international trade in animal products. Its control is relevant, on the one hand...

The world distribution of foot and mouth disease (FMD) is almost a mirror image of the global economic structure. In general, industrialised countries are free while the disease is endemic in developing countries. In recent years, several incursions of FMD have been recorded in countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), all of which have been finan...