Direct numerical simulations were performed to study the effects of domain size a minimal flow unit (MFU) and its inherent periodic boundary conditions on physics turbulent channel in range 200≤Reτ≤1000. This was accomplished by comparing statistics with those computed sub-domains (SD) extended simulations. The dimensions MFU SD matched, dynamics set minimize artificial periodicities. Streamwis...

cooling towers are widely used in most industrial units to reject waste heat to the atmosphere. this paper deals with an experimental analysis of heat and mass transfer phenomena between water and air by direct contact in a cooling tower. the tower is filled with 6 type packing. in this study temperature and pressure drop and tower characteristics was used in determining experimentally the ther...

Horizontal architectures can control several functional units independently, and usually have a single flow of control. As such, they exploit only the finer parallelism, and a large number of functional units is useless when the code contains control or data dependencies. The performance in these cases can be increased, with the same total hardware, if the functional units are divided in groups...

OBJECTIVE Fixed pulmonary hypertension is a contraindication for cardiac transplantation because of the increased risk of donor heart failure. We sought to determine whether left ventricular assist devices improve fixed pulmonary hypertension in cardiac transplant candidates to enable safe cardiac transplantation. METHODS Thirty-five consecutive cardiac transplant candidates (age 56 +/- 6 yea...

Some confusion was observed during the 7 International Workshop on Sap Flow (Seville, Spain, 21-24 October 2008) with respect to the use of symbols, units and physical quantities in presentations and during discussions. It was therefore decided at the end of the workshop that a technical note would be very useful with the aim to summarize the basics of the “Système International des Unités (SI)...

The interchromophoric energy-transfer pathways between weakly coupled units in a π-conjugated phenylene-ethynylene macrocycle and its half-ring analogue have been investigated using the nonadiabatic excited-state molecular dynamics approach. To track the flow of electronic transition density between macrocycle units, we formulate a transition density flux analysis adapted from the statistical m...

For developing embedded (control) software, graphical modeling languages based on the data flow paradigm are increasingly used, primarily due to the similarity with electronic (or electric, hydraulic etc.) circuit design. Here, software modules or functions, respectively, are essentially graphs with nodes representing operations and edges representing signals (data). Signals often denote values...

Layered neural networks are feedforward structures that yield robust parallel and distributed pattern recognition. Even though much attention has been paid to pattern retrieval properties in such systems, many aspects of their dynamics are not yet well characterized or understood. In this work we study, at different temperatures, the memory activity and information flows through layered network...

BACKGROUND The objective of the present study was to investigate sublingual microvascular blood flow and microcirculatory haemoglobin oxygen saturation (Smc(O(2))) during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) using constant systemic blood flow but different perfusion pressures achieved by phenylephrine administration. METHODS Fifteen patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting were enrolled in...