In a previous communication (Shaw, 1955), I referred to several papers concerning the value of cardiolipin antigen in complement-fixation and flocculation tests. The majority of workers have reported increased sensitivity and specificity with this antigen, which has also been recommended to obtain reproducible results in various laboratories in different countries. At that time, I compared the ...

An increase in the amounts of the globulin components of the serum has long been recognized in advanced states of liver disease (1, 2, 3), although the significance of the alteration has never been defined. It has been the basis of the Takata-Ara, Weltmann and the formol-gel reactions which have been used for many years in the diagnosis of liver disease. The nonspecific nature of these tests is...

Flocculation studies between dual polymers on pulp and paper mill wastewater are reported in this paper. The effects of different molecular weights of polyDADMAC and different dosages of Polyacrylamide (PAM) were studied. The molecular weights of polyDADMAC used were 8.8 × 10, 10.5 × 10 and 15.7 × 10 g/mol. The flocculation performance was analyzed in jar tests with PolyDADMAC and Polyacrylamid...

The bentonite flocculation test of Bozicevich, Bunim, Freund, and Ward (1958), the latex fixation test of Singer and Plotz (1956), and the "RA-test" (a latex reagent for use as a slide test) of Hyland Laboratories have been compared with each other and with a modified Rose-Waaler test, the behaviour of which has been previously extensively investigated. In these tests sera from 2,250 patients w...

‘THE LENGTHY INCUBATION PERIOD and the subjective interpretation of degree of flocculation ai’e undesirable characteristics of the Hanger cephalin cholesterol flocculatiomi test (1). Several workers (2-4) have reported modifications either to shorten test time or to determine extent of flocculation mnstrumemitally. Inadequate sensitivity has been noted in some of these technics as well as inter...

For many years it has been known that leprosy patients are prone to give positive reactions in the serologic tests for syphil is (STS) in common use. Badger (1) reviewed the literature on the subject up to 193 1. Since that time, several other studies have been made (2-5, 10, 12, 13, 15). almost all of them showing that reactions occur frequenty in STS's in the sera of patients with leprosy. so...

1. In confirmation of Gaehtgens, syphilitic human sera give positive complement fixation with cultures of so called T. pallidum (Reiter strain). Syphilitic rabbit sera are equally reactive. Syphilitic human and rabbit sera agglutinate these cultures, often in high titre (Beck). 2. Normal rabbit sera react weakly with the culture to give both agglutination and complement fixation in low titre. N...

The passive haemagglutination and bentonite flocculation tests were compared for detecting plant viruses, using antibody-sensitized tanned red cells or bentonite particles. Parsnip yellow fleck, raspberry ringspot, turnip yellow mosaic, narcissus mosaic, potato X and tobacco rattle viruses were detected by both tests in purified preparations and, where studied, in crude plant extracts. The high...

In the context of wastewater treatment with microalgae cultures, coagulation-flocculation followed by sedimentation is one of the suitable options for microalgae harvesting. This process is enabled by the addition of chemicals (e.g. iron). However, in a biorefinery perspective, it is important to avoid possible contamination of downstream products caused by chemicals addition. The aim of this s...