An automated procedure is described for the measurement of ATP. This method, based on the linear luminescence response of firefly extracts added to ATP, is rapid, reproducible, and allows a relatively large number of samples to be run (up to 35/hr.). A procedure is also given for the preparation of the luciferin-luciferase system from dried firefly lanterns. Sample volumes required are small, a...

By ERNEST BEUTLER AND CLARAMMA K. MATHAI T HE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) content of erythrocytes is of considerable interest from the viewpoint of red cell preservation, hereditaly abnormalities of red cell metabolism, such as pyruvate kinase deficiency, and certain genetic disorders characterized by increased or decreased red cell ATP levels. Several internally consistent methods are availab...

By ERNEST BEUTLER AND CLARAMMA K. MATHAI T HE ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE (ATP) content of erythrocytes is of considerable interest from the viewpoint of red cell preservation, hereditaly abnormalities of red cell metabolism, such as pyruvate kinase deficiency, and certain genetic disorders characterized by increased or decreased red cell ATP levels. Several internally consistent methods are availab...

Firefly algorithm is a swarm-based algorithm that can be used for solving optimization problems. In this paper, we focus on image clustering algorithm using the fuzzy set of possible solution is incorporated into the original firefly to improve the performance. The movement of the firefly still follows the original pattern but they are updated according fuzzy c-means algorithm. All method, k-me...

Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) catalyzes the oxidative chemiluminescent reaction of luminol, and firefly luciferase catalyzes the oxidation of firefly D-luciferin. Here we report a novel substrate, 5-(5'-azoluciferinyl)-2,3-dihydro-1,4-phthalazinedione (ALPDO), that can trigger the activity of HRP and firefly luciferase in solution because it contains both luminol and luciferin functionalities. I...

Inspired by ant colony optimization algorithm, a new firefly optimization algorithm is presented which we call firefly colony optimization algorithm (FCO). Unlike the standard firefly algorithm, the proposed approach is a distributed, and constructive greedy metaheuristic which uses the positive feedback to construct greedily good solutions, and to avoid a premature convergence to low quality s...

In this study an efficient meta-heuristic is proposed for layout optimization of truss structures by combining cellular automata (CA) and firefly algorithm (FA). In the proposed meta-heuristic, called here as cellular automata firefly algorithm (CAFA), a new equation is presented for position updating of fireflies based on the concept of CA. Two benchmark examples of truss structures are presen...

Data acquisition is the foundation of soft sensor and data fusion. Distributed data acquisition and its synchronization are the important technologies to ensure the accuracy of soft sensors. As a research topic in bionic science, the firefly-inspired algorithm has attracted widespread attention as a new synchronization method. Aiming at reducing the design difficulty of firefly-inspired synchro...

Optimization problem is one of the most difficult and challenging problems that has received considerable attention over the last decade. Researchers have been constantly investigating better ways to solve it. Recently, one optimization technique called firefly algorithm has gained the interest of many researchers. This algorithm is a type of swarm intelligence algorithm based on the reaction o...

Recently huge amount of data is available in the field of medicine that helps the doctors in diagnosing diseases when analysed. Data mining techniques can be applied to these medical data to extract knowledge so that disease prediction becomes accurate and easier. In this work, cardiotocogram (CTG) data is analysed using Support Vector Machine (SVM) for predicting fetal risk. Opposition based f...