Packing of monosized spheres in a cylindrical container of a fixed diameter is a frequently discussed subject in recent studies. It is motivated by the high applicability of these models, particularly by the advances in nanomaterial science and engineering, associated with the development of hierarchically ordered matters of specific structures and properties. Their features strongly depend on ...

Cuttlebone, the sophisticated buoyancy device of cuttlefish, is made of extensive superposed chambers that have a complex internal arrangement of calcified pillars and organic membranes. It has not been clear how this structure is assembled. We find that the membranes result from a myriad of minor membranes initially filling the whole chamber, made of nanofibres evenly oriented within each memb...

We consider the low-frequency limit (homogenization) for propagation of sound waves in periodic elastic medium (phononic crystals). Exact analytical formulas for the speed of sound propagating in a three-dimensional periodic arrangement of liquid and gas or in a two-dimensional arrangement of solids are derived. We apply our formulas to the well-known phenomenon of the drop of the speed of soun...

Flowers for a gift are not only goods, but a medium carries a message to maintain social relationship between the sender and the receiver. Some flowers are welcome, and the others are not so, in association with whether the image of the sent flowers which come to the receiver's mind meets the human relationship or not, and is suited for the purpose or not. We developed a system aimed to incorpo...

The formation of the biophotonic gyroid material in butterfly wing scales is an exceptional feat of evolutionary engineering of functional nanostructures. It is hypothesized that this nanostructure forms by chitin polymerization inside a convoluted membrane of corresponding shape in the endoplasmic reticulum. However, this dynamic formation process, including whether membrane folding and chitin...

Self-similar space-filling bearings have been proposed some time ago as models for the motion of tectonic plates and appearance of seismic gaps. These models have two features which, however, seem unrealistic, namely, high symmetry in the arrangement of the particles, and lack of a lower cutoff in the size of the particles. In this work, an algorithm for generating random bearings in both two a...

A new musculoskeltal simulation primitive, the strand, can provide an efficient way of simulating complicated muscle fiber architectures [1]. In this paper we present a new fiber tracking algorithm based on an energy minimizing active curve that is well suited for building these strand type models from diffusion tensor imaging data. We present fiber tracking results for the Brachioradialis musc...

We have assembled molecular arrays of C60 inside double-walled carbon nanotubes (DWNTs) with internal diameters of 11-26 A and directly observed the existence of different crystalline phases of C60 previously predicted theoretically. The structure of the encapsulated C60 crystal is defined by the internal diameter of the DWNT, as the molecules adjust their packing arrangement in order to maximi...

Capillary-driven micro flow allows liquid transport by interfacial force without external pressure or momentum. Theoretical and experimental studies have been conducted to predict the movement of the flow meniscus in the application of capillary underfill flows. In a flip chip package, two-dimensional motions of flow front through solder bumps can result in unwanted air void formation because t...

Resources planning system for domain of modular certification testing is presented in this paper. In our domain, there are several independent resources owners and services providers, who together are able to provide their customers with service of certification testing. We are presenting concept of distributed system for supporting negotiation about the certification testing session’s life-cyc...