DNA molecules in an agarose matrix elongate and migrate toward the anode when exposed to an electric field. An agarose matrix represents a highly irregular network with pores of various dimensions, large open areas, and regions with different densities. During electrophoresis, migration will be retarded by obstructions that prevent sieving by size and result in "end-on" migration as if through ...

MATERIALS 5x TBE electrophoresis buffer Polyacrylamide gels are poured and run in 0.5x or 1x TBE at low voltage (1-8 V/cm) to prevent denaturation of small fragments of DNA by Joulic heating. Other electrophoresis buffers such as 1x TAE (please see Agarose Gel Electrophoresis) can be used, but they are not as good as TBE. The gel must be run more slowly in 1x TAE, which does not provide as much...

INTRODUCTION A bottleneck for high-throughput proteomic studies is image analysis. In conventional two-dimensional (2D) methodology, protein samples are separated on individual gels, stained, and quantified, followed by image comparison with computer-aided image analysis programs. Since different images are not always perfectly superimposable, image analysis is very time consuming. Fluorescent ...

background and objectives: citrobacter freundii is an opportunistic pathogen causing nosocomial infections and resistant to various antibiotics. we aimed to determine the clonal relationship of c. freundii isolates using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (pfge). materials and methods: fifty clinical isolates of c. freundii were collected from the main hospital in kermanshah. after antibiotic sus...

background acinetobacter calcoaceticus baumannii (acb) complex are gram-negative opportunistic bacteria with low virulence properties. their resistance to antibiotics has become a matter of concern in hospital infections. objectives the present study aimed to determine the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of acb isolates collected from the nemazee hospital of shiraz. in addition, pul...