%e report the f~rst experimental verification of Berry's topological phase. The key element in the experiment was a single-mode, helica11y wound optica1 fiber, inside which a photon of a given helicity could be adiabatically transported around a closed path in momentum space. The experiment confirmed at the classical level that the angle of rotation of linearly polarized light in this fiber giv...

This paper presents an analytical method considering the effects of fiber length and fiber orientation distributions for predicting the tensile strength (TS) of short-fiber-reinforced polymers (SFRP). Two probability density functions are used for modelling the distributions of fiber length and fiber orientation. The strength of SFRP is derived as a functiolz of fiber length and fiber orientati...

In this work, fracture behavior of multilayered unidirectional graphite/epoxy composite (T800/3900-2) materials is investigated. Rectangular coupons with a single-edged notch are studied under geometrically symmetric loading configurations and impact loading conditions. The notch orientation parallel to or at an angle to the fiber orientation is considered to produce mode-I or mixed-mode (mode-...

Continuous nanofibers fabricated by the electrospinning technique have found increasing applications (e.g., nanofiber composites, nanofiber devices, bioengineering tissue scaffolding, etc.). For a nanofiber network subjected to a small external perturbation, the fiber segments within the network may deflect and stick to each other under the condition that their surface adhesion energy overcomes...

This paper is concerned with the geometrical shape, wetting length, and contact angle of a microdroplet on a fiber by using the method free energy variation. The governing equation and relevant boundary conditions of the microdroplet were re-derived based on the free energy variation of the droplet/fiber system. The geometrical shape of the droplet was determined as the combination of Legendre’...

The anatomical complexity of myomeres and myosepta has made it difficult to develop a comprehensive understanding of the relationship between muscle fiber architecture, connective tissue mechanics, and locomotor function of segmented axial musculature in fishes. The lateral hypaxial musculature (LHM) of salamanders is less anatomically complex and therefore a good system for exploring the basic...

The use of sarcomere length to normalize fiber length in architectural studies is commonly practiced but has not been explicitly validated. Using mouse hindlimb muscles as a model system, ankle joints were intentionally set to angles ranging from 30 degrees to 150 degrees and their muscles fixed. Tibialis anterior (TA), extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and soleus muscles were removed and their r...

A hybrid-fiber nanogenerator comprising a ZnO nanowire array, PVDF polymer and two electrodes is presented. Depending on the bending or spreading action of the human arm, at an angle of ∼90°, the hybrid fiber reaches electrical outputs of ∼0.1 V and ∼10 nA cm(-2) . The unique structure of the hybrid fiber may inspire future research in wearable energy-harvesting technology.

statement of problem: it is yet unclear whether fiber-reinforced composite posts can enhance the mechanical properties and prevent vertical fractures of teeth under chewing loads. purpose: the purpose of this study was to compare the fracture resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated teeth restored with three different post systems. materials and methods: thirty-six maxillary canine...