It is increasingly recognized that non-erythroid spectrins have roles remote from the plasma membrane, notably in endomembrane trafficking. The large spectrin isoform, bH, partners with Annexin B9 to modulate endosomal processing of internalized proteins. This modulation is focused on the early endosome through multivesicular body steps of endocytic processing and loss of either protein appears...

Bioassays are currently used to measure the presence of functionally active cytokines in biological fluids. These assays may be influenced by the presence of other substances, either cytokine specific or not, in such fluids. In the present study, we analyzed whether some currently used disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs) could interfere with the measurements of circulating interleuki...

The t(4;14) translocation occurs in 25% of multiple myeloma (MM) and results in both the ectopic expression of fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 (FGFR3) from der4 and immunoglobulin heavy chain-MMSET hybrid messenger RNA transcripts from der14. The subsequent selection of activating mutations of the translocated FGFR3 by MM cells indicates an important role for this signaling pathway in tumor...

An experimentally determined pK(a) change of +2.50 units has been reported for the B13 Glu residue in a dimeric B9 Ser --> Asp insulin mutant relative to the native dimer. Poisson-Boltzmann electrostatics-based pK(a) calculations were performed to probe the effect of the B9 Ser --> Asp and B10 His --> Asp mutations on aggregation and the ionization behaviour of the B13 carboxylate. The method p...

hydrogels, due to their unique potentials such as high-water content and hydrophilicity are interest for the controlled release of drug molecules. the present study aims to create a controlled-release system through the preparation and characterization of hydrogels based on ph-sensitive polymers such as poly (acrylic acid). poly (acrylic acid), p(aa), hydrogel has been synthesized by radical po...

The polymerase chain reaction was used to develop a method for the detection of Helicobacter pylori, a causative agent of gastritis, as well as for the elucidation of its mode of transmission. A genomic library of Helicobacter pylori DNA in Escherichia coli JM109 was constructed by cloning Hind III-digested DNA fragments into plasmid vector pUC18. The nucleotide sequences from seven recombinant...

Fertilizer application control in reason is the key technology to improve operation quality, reduce fertilizer pollution, and cut down costs of production. A control system of variable rate fertilizer is developed based on microcontroller chip in the paper. The system can automatically control flow dosage by adjusting feed gate opening size and changing hydraulic motor speed of fertilizer conve...

This note demonstrates that a certain class of stochastic problems for determination of optimal fertilizer application rates in the presence of fertilizer carry-over can be simplified to static, certainly equivalent problems. Conditions required for certainty equivalence to hold are: (1) fertilizer carry-over is agronomically equivalent to applied fertilizer; and (2) some addition of fertilizer...

Previous work on transposable element distribution in colonizing populations of Drosophila buzzatii revealed a high frequency of occupancy in several chromosomal sites. Two explanatory hypotheses were advanced: the founder hypothesis, by which founder genetic drift was responsible, and the unstable hypothesis that assigns this unusual distribution to bursts of transposition toward some chromoso...

(4) vn = vl + r». To c o n t i n u e , we need t h e fo l lowing d e f i n i t i o n s which a r e modeled a f t e r t h e n o t a t i o n of Hal ton [3] . The l e t t e r p w i l l always denote a r a t i o n a l p r ime . Vd^nAJtton I : v ( a , b9 p) i s t h e numeric of t h e PR u(a9 b) modulo p . I t i s the number of n o n r e p e a t i n g terms modulo p . Vt^AJbitiovi 2°> ] i (a , b9 p) ...