the waiting time between children births are called tempo. this phenomenon plays a crucial role in the child and mother health. the purpose of the present study is determination of factors which influence this variable of interest. a significance level of 5% and power of 80% considered to calculate the required sample size for this cross sectional study. the sample size of 124 women determined ...

objective: tempo is the average waiting time to next birth for a woman. role of fertility as the most important phenomenon determining population fluctuations due to the studies of it compared with other demographic phenomena be important and review the multifarious socioeconomic factors of it share  a large effective population studies. general purpose of this study is fitting the cox model to...

A simple general-purpose I-V model for all operating modes of deep-submicron MOSFETs is presented. Considering the most dominant short channel effects with simple equations including few extra parameters, a reasonable trade-off between simplicity and accuracy is established. To further improve the accuracy, model parameters are optimized over various channel widths and full range of operating v...

Over the past nine years, the Formal Methods Group at the IBM Haifa Research Laboratory has made steady progress in developing tools and techniques that make the power of model checking accessible to the community of hardware designers and verification engineers, to the point where it has become an integral part of the design cycle of many teams. We discuss our approach to the problem of integr...

the hypothesis which more educated women experience less fertility has motivated many researches. current study is also carried out in the same direction of those investigations. the theoretical model is designed based on microeconomics of fertility that show since the substitution effect of rising female schooling surpasses the income effect, the presence of negative relation between the level...

BACKGROUND Given the degree of HIV epidemic among women and the current antiretroviral therapy (ART) scale up in Ethiopia; considering the issue of fertility is vital to ensure the delivery of integrated reproductive health along with prevention services provided to positive women. This study was aimed to assess fertility intentions of women living with HIV attending public health institutions ...

We present a syntax-based language model for use in noisy-channel machine translation. In particular, a language model based upon that described in (Cha01) is combined with the syntax based translation-model described in (YK01). The resulting system was used to translate 347 sentences from Chinese to English and compared with the results of an IBM-model-4-based system, as well as that of (YK02)...

The cross-border effects of a capacity market and a strategic reserve in interconnected electricity markets are modeled using an agent-based modeling methodology. Both capacity mechanisms improve the security of supply and reduce consumer costs. Our results indicate that interconnections do not affect the effectiveness of a capacity market, while a strategic reserve is affected negatively. The ...

IBM Model 1 is a classical alignment model. Of the first generation word-based SMT models, it was the only such model with a concave objective function. For concave optimization problems like IBM Model 1, we have guarantees on the convergence of optimization algorithms such as Expectation Maximization (EM). However, as was pointed out recently, the objective of IBM Model 1 is not strictly conca...

IBM Model 1 is a classical alignment model. Of the first generation word-based SMT models, it was the only such model with a concave objective function. For concave optimization problems like IBM Model 1, we have guarantees on the convergence of optimization algorithms such as Expectation Maximization (EM). However, as was pointed out recently, the objective of IBM Model 1 is not strictly conca...