Redundant faults in digital circuits not only result in extra hardware but also mask other faults and may also make undetectable fault detectable. Redundancies increase the chip area, the power consumption, and often propagation delays in the circuit and might even reduce the yield [5]. This paper is a result of literary search for detection and removal of such faults. This paper addresses proc...

Now a day’s many VLSI designers are implementing different applications on real time with the use of FPGAs. Although they are working efficiently, they are not achieving their expected goals. This is only because of the faults which are occurring in the FPGA at the runtime of the application. Those faults are remaining in the circuitry as there is no provision for removal of those faults at app...

Some faults in storage elements (SEs) do not manifest as stuck-at0/1 faults. These include data-feedthrough faults that cause the SE cell to exhibit combinational behaviour. The authors investigate the implications of such faults on the behaviour of circuits using unclocked SEs. It is shown that effects of data-feedthrough faults at the behavioural level are different from those due to stuck-at...

Meyer and Pradhan proposed the MS (for “mixed-sum”) algorithm to solve the Byzantine Agreement (BA) problem with dual failure modes: arbitrary faults (Byzantine faults) and dormant faults (essentially omission faults and timing faults) [3]. Our study indicates that this algorithm uses an inappropriate method to eliminate the effects of dormant faults and that the bound on the number of allowabl...

Photovoltaic (PV) system output electricity is related to PV cells’ conditions, with the PV faults decreasing the efficiency of the PV system and even causing a possible source of fire. In industrial production, PV fault detection is typically laborious manual work. In this paper, we present a method that can automatically detect PV faults. Based on the observation that different faults will ha...

Symmetrical nature of mean of electrical signals during normal operating conditions is used in the fault detection task for dependable, robust, and simple fault detector implementation is presented in this work. Every fourth cycle of the instantaneous current signal, the mean is computed and carried into the next cycle to discover nonlinearities in the signal. A fault detection task is complete...

     This research study deals with the processing and interpretation of the total Bouguer anomaly and the total count iso-radiation data for a region located in the western desert of Iraq. The research aims to delineate the approximate locations and the effective depth of faults and how does rocks radioactivity act nearby the faults. The graphical method adopted to separate the residual fields...

iran is located in an area with high earthquake risk. there are over 20 active faults with length of 500 km and also densely populated parts of the country have been rendered vulnerable to strong earthquakes. however, existence of eight faults of the main faults of iran along with at least 18 faults with length of more than 100 km in kerman province have turned the place into one of the riskies...

New memory technologies and processes introduce new defects that cause previously unknown faults. Dynamic faults are among these new faults; they can take place in the absence of the traditional static faults. This paper describes the concept of dynamic faults, based on the fault primitive concept. It further shows, based on industrial test results, the importance of such faults for the new mem...