The northeast region of Birjand is located in Lut structural and geological province. In this area we can distinguish two separate volcanic rock groups: intermediate to acidic volcanic rocks, including dacite, andesite, rhyolite and trachyandesite; and basic rocks, including basaltic andesite, mugearite and basalt. In this region, intermediate to acidic rocks, which belong to the Eocene-Miocene...

This paper reviews rock friction and the frictional properties of earthquake faults. The basis for rateand state-dependent friction laws is reviewed. The friction state variable is discussed, including its interpretation as a measure of average asperity contact time and porosity within granular fault gouge. Data are summarized showing that friction evolves even during truly stationary contact, ...

an important concern in rock mechanics is non-homogeneity as joints or fault. adopting the joints as fractures, fractures are well known for their effects on the mechanical and transport properties of rock. it has been postulated that through fractured/jointed rock, mainly, the polygons turned to the shear vector (ti) are involved in the mobilization of shear resistance. consequently, in order ...

Microscopic billow-like wavy folds have been observed along slip planes of the Nojima active fault, southwest Japan. The folds are similar in form to Kelvin–Helmholtz (KH) instabilities occurring in fluids, which implies that the slip zone underwent “lubrication” such as frictional melting or fluidization of fault gouge materials. If the temperature range for generation of the billow-like wavy ...

Earthquake fault rock indicating a coupled lubrication mechanism S. Okamoto, G. Kimura, S. Takizawa, and H. Yamaguchi Department of Earth and Planetary Science, the University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan The Institute for Frontier Research on Earth Evolution, Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology, Natsushima 2-15, Natsushima-cho, Yokosuka-city, Kanaga...

Many of the definitions given below were adopted by the SCMR without difficulty; others gave rise to considerable debate. Problems arose for a variety of reasons, namely: the variable usage of terms across the geological community (e.g. gneiss and schist); terms such as slate and cleavage proved difficult because there are no similar terms in many non-English speaking countries; equally, the di...

This paper describes the localization of deformation acceleration in the period prior to dynamic failure in hornblende schist rock under triaxial compression using acoustic emission (AE) monitoring. Rather than stabilize the failure process by controlling axial stress to maintain a constant rate of AE (for monitoring AE hypocenters) as in previous works [e.g., Lockner et al., 1991], we have ins...

The North Tabriz Fault is seismologically an active fault with current right lateral strike-slip movements. Restricted mafic to intermediate Late Cretaceous igneous rocks are exposed along the North Tabriz Fault. Whole rock samples and clinopyroxene phenocrysts geochemistry were studied in order to characterize the petrogenesis of these mafic rocks and their possible relation to an oceanic crus...

A novel approach to the automatic detection of fault surface images in 3D seismic datasets is presented. Based on the premise that seismic faulting introduces discontinuities into the rock layering (that is, the horizons), a coherency measure is used to detect points of significant horizon discontinuity. A highest confidence first (HCF) merging strategy is then combined with a flexible surface ...

During earthquakes, comminution and frictional heating both contribute to the dissipation of stored energy. With sufficient dissipative heating, melting processes can ensue, yielding the production of frictional melts or "pseudotachylytes." It is commonly assumed that the Newtonian viscosities of such melts control subsequent fault slip resistance. Rock melts, however, are viscoelastic bodies, ...