In October 2009, a quad, mini-beam collimator was implemented at GM/CA CAT that allowed users to select between a 5, 10, or 20 micron mini-beam or a 300 micron scatter guard for macromolecular crystallography [1]. Initial alignment of each pinhole to the optical axis of each path through the mini-beam collimator is performed under an optical microscope using an alignment jig. Next, the pre-alig...

Algorithms have been developed for image reconstruction within a region-of-interest (ROI) from fan-beam data less than that required for reconstructing the entire image. However, these algorithms do not admit truncated data. In this work, we investigate exact ROI-image reconstruction from fan-beam data containing truncations by use of the so-called fan-beam backprojection-filtration (BPF) algor...

The dose distributional properties of a p(50) Be neutron beam using a continuously variable multi-leaf collimator are presented and compared with a 6 MV photon beam. The differences in physical dose delivery between these two radiation modalities are generally insignificant for radiation therapy, and stringent comparisons of neutron and photon treatments should therefore be possible. The flexib...

Collimators are used as lateral beam shaping devices in proton therapy with passive scattering beam lines. The dose contamination due to collimator scattering can be as high as 10% of the maximum dose and influences calculation of the output factor or monitor units (MU). To date, commercial treatment planning systems generally use a zero-thickness collimator approximation ignoring edge scatteri...

Treatment of small animals with radiation has in general been limited to planar fields shaped with lead blocks, complicating spatial localization of dose and treatment of deep-seated targets. In order to advance laboratory radiotherapy toward what is accomplished in the clinic, we have constructed a variable aperture collimator for use in shaping the beam of microCT scanner. This unit can image...

An inversion formula was developed by Bukhgeim and Kazantsev for attenuated fan-beam projections [Russian Academy of Science Siberian Branch: The Sobolev Institute of Mathematics (2002)]. The inversion formula was obtained by relating the attenuated fan-beam projections to unattenuated fan-beam projections and by trickily processing the unattenuated fan-beam projections. We show in this paper t...

We are developing an acceptance measurement system to evaluate the matching of the emittance of an injection beam to the acceptance of the AVF cyclotron. The system is composed of a phase-space collimator in the low energy section and beam intensity monitors which are installed just after the phase space collimator and in the high energy section. The phase-space collimator, which consists of tw...

Collimator systems used in Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy can form different geometric aperture shapes depending on their physical capabilities. We compare the efficiency of using regular, rotating and dual multileaf collimator (MLC) systems under different combinations of consecutiveness, interdigitation and rectangular constraints. We also create a virtual freeform collimator, which ca...

This paper presents analytical fan-beam and cone-beam reconstruction algorithms that compensate for uniform attenuation in single photon emission computed tomography. First, a fan-beam algorithm is developed by obtaining a relationship between the two-dimensional (2D) Fourier transform of parallel-beam projections and fan-beam projections. Using this relationship, 2D Fourier transforms of equiv...