Building information modelling (BIM) provides architectural 3D visualization and a standardized way to share and exchange building information. Recently, there has been an increasing interest in using BIM, not only for design and construction, but also the post-construction management of the built facility. With the emergence of smart built environment (SBE) technology, which embeds most spaces...

Computer-Aided Design (CAD) is widely used during the engineering design stage of construction projects. CAD generally contains a wealth of information regarding the facility to be constructed; this information can be effectively used for construction decision-making. This paper undertakes an investigation of the possibility of using a “product-based” model representation for integrating 3D CAD...

Purpose The recent research trend of building information modelling (BIM) involves interoperability and issues pertaining to the design, construction, operations, and maintenance phases of a building. However, few researchers are concerned with problems encountered in the last two phases of the building life cycle. Since BIM has been widely used in the design and construction phases, further ex...

background: this study aimed to evaluate the design of emergency departâ­ments regarding to the patients’ and staff's privacy, confidentiality and facilities in genâ­eral teaching hospitals. methods: emergency departments of all the general teaching hospitals of shahid beâ­heshti university of medical sciences, tehran, iran were evaluated in 2007 through both direct observation and interview ...

Construction cost assessment during bid preparation is the most tedious and responsible stage. Evaluators have to take into account a multitude of various factors affecting construction cost. They include the following in case of the conventional construction pattern: the chosen methods and technologies of facility construction; options of construction provision with machinery and mechanisms, l...