BACKGROUND We determined the levels of subjective and observer drowsiness and facial dynamics changes. METHODS This experimental study was done in the virtual reality laboratory of Khaje-Nasir Toosi University of Technology in 2015. Facial dynamics changes like changes in eyes, mouth and eyebrows were surveyed on twenty-five drivers in 2015byKSS (Karolinska Sleepiness Scale) and ORD (Observer...

As the Internet becomes fast and ubiquitous, the demand for realistic multimodal communication will increase substantially for human-like human computer interaction and video conversation over the Internet. This demand will easily undo the bandwidth gain of the Internet2. This will necessitate realistic image visualization and rendering at the client end using a low bandwidth textual descriptio...

Introduction: Recently, orthognathic surgery is widely used in reconstruction and aesthetics over the world and has found its place in plastic surgery, especially in moderate to severe skeletal deformities. The relationship between facial hard and soft tissues consequently has been raised in planning the surgery and assessment of postoperative changes. Photogrammetry is the reasonable and simpl...

The dynamic facial expressions of emotion automatically elicit multifaceted psychological activities; however, the temporal profiles and dynamic interaction patterns of brain activities remain unknown. We investigated these issues using magnetoencephalography. Participants passively observed dynamic facial expressions of fear and happiness, or dynamic mosaics. Source-reconstruction analyses uti...

Our laboratory reported that facial skin blood flow may serve as a sensitive tool to assess an emotional status. Cerebral neural correlates during emotional interventions should be sought in relation to the changes in facial skin blood flow. To test the hypothesis that prefrontal activity has positive relation to the changes in facial skin blood flow during emotionally charged stimulation, we e...

Almost all work in automatic facial expression analysis has focused on recognition of prototypic expressions rather than dynamic changes in appearance over time. To investigate the relative contribution of dynamic features to expression recognition, we used automatic feature tracking to measure the relation between amplitude and duration of smile onsets in spontaneous and deliberate smiles of 8...