Chest wall electrical stimuli, too weak to affect the heart, act as electrical signals to an implanted ventricular-inhibited (QRS blocking) demand pacemaker which interprets them as originating from the heart and consequently responds according to its specifications. Rapid external stimulation permits diagnostic interpretation of the spontaneous electrocardiogram by completely inactivating the ...

8159.2011.03112.x. [11] Sakellaridis T, Argiriou M, Panagiotakopoulos V, Charitos C. Bilateral sternobronchial fistula after coronary surgery—are retained epicardial pacing wires responsible. J Cardiothorac Surg 2009;4:26. [12] Horng GS, Ashley E, Balsam L, Reitz B, Zamanian RT. Progressive dyspnoea after CABG: complication of retained epicardial pacing wires. Ann Thorac Surg 2008;86:1352–4. [1...

Background: Atrial conduction disturbances are a known substrate of re-entrant atrial arrhythmia, and their detection is important for the selection of proper therapy. Time-domain analysis of P-wave in signal-averaged ECG (SA-ECG) recorded from chest leads is an accepted method evaluating inhomogeneity of atrial excitation, predictive for atrial arrhythmias. Biatrial (BiA) pacing created a new ...

A technique for long-term atrial pacing is described. It uses the system whereby power from an external pulse-generator (including battery) is transferred through the intact skin by inductive-coupling. Once installed, there is no requirement for further surgery to effect battery changes, and the patient can control his heart rate over a wide range to suit his needs. It is suggested that pacing ...

The regulation of the pacing strategy remains poorly understood, because much of classic physiology has focused on the factors that ultimately limit, rather than regulate, exercise performance. When exercise is self-paced and work rate is free to vary in response to external and internal physiological cues, then a complex system is proposed to be responsible for alterations in exercise intensit...

Background: Despite the progress of cardiac arrhythmia research and the advance of the pacemaker technology, much remains unknown about how the external pacing interacts with the heart’s intrinsic activity. Methods: We present an open source computer model that is capable to simulate intrinsic heart rhythm under both normal and pathological conditions, and its interactions with extrinsic dual-c...

Antitachycardia pacing (ATP) is widely used to terminate tachycardia before it proceeds to lethal fibrillation. The important prerequisite for successful ATP is unpinning of the spirals anchored to the obstacle by a series of stimuli. Here, to understand the mechanism of unpinning spirals by ATP, we propose a theoretical explanation based on a nonlinear eikonal relation and a kinematical model....

conclusions switching ams off may increase biventricular pacing in some patients. case presentation in this case series, we present a combination of far field sensing and automatic mode switching (ams) in six patients. it is found that this combination causes ventricular sensing (vs) episodes with wide qrs and no synchronization. we turn off the ams and alleviate the problem. introduction cardi...

Electromagnetic interference presented as inhibition and resetting of the demand circuitry of a ventricular-inhibited temporary external pacemaker in a 70-year-old man undergoing surgical implantation of a permanent bipolar pacemaker generator and lead. The arrhythmia was found to be due to oversensing of waveforms modulated to simulate myocardial potentials emitted by a faulty fluoroscopy unit...