We investigated a possible source of contamination of expired-air carbon monoxide (CO) readings on CO monitors from raised expired-air hydrogen (H2) levels, namely lactose intolerance, the norm in certain ethnic groups. A significant correlation between expired-air CO and H2 readings was observed in four non-smoking lactose maldigesters.

OBJECTIVES A low or moderate expired tidal volume can be difficult to achieve during noninvasive ventilation for de novo acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (i.e., not due to exacerbation of chronic lung disease or cardiac failure). We assessed expired tidal volume and its association with noninvasive ventilation outcome. DESIGN Prospective observational study. SETTING Twenty-four bed unive...

BACKGROUND Evaluation of bond strength and microleakage caused by polymerization shrinkage provides a screening mechanism and an indication of the potential for the clinical success of composite restorations. AIM The aim of this study was to determine the effect on shear bond strength and microleakage of standard and expired composites. MATERIALS AND METHODS Selected specimens were etched u...

To examine the relationship of expired capnograms and respiratory system resistance (Rrs) in intubated critically ill patients, we consecutively studied 41 mechanically ventilated patients to (1) analyze the association between expired CO2 slope and auto-positive end-expiratory pressure (auto-PEEP), between Rrs and auto-PEEP, between Rrs and expired CO2 slope, and between Rrs and arterial minus...

We have compared estimation of alveolar carbon monoxide measured either as end-expired or mixed-expired carbon monoxide tension with two spectrophotometric estimations of venous blood carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb). Estimation of mixed-expired carbon monoxide proved more convenient for patients than the end-expired method, and this estimation of carbon monoxide exposure discriminated between non-smo...

Klippel-Trenaunay syndrome (KTS) is a rare congenital syndrome of vascular malformations and soft tissue and bone hypertrophy. Vascular malformations can affect multiple organ systems. Involvement of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is uncommon in KTS, but it can be a source of life-threatening bleeding. We report a case of a 32-year-old male with a known diagnosis of KTS who presented with a li...

lation cannot arise. We welcome the authors' recommendation that growth problems be identified at an early age in a community height screening programme. Once screening has been carried out on initial height however, there is little to be gained from waiting a year and screening on velocity using the 25th centile as a cut off, as in the Oxford study. First, the normal short child, on the third ...