We investigated how 14-month-old infants know what others know. In two studies, an infant played with each of two objects in turn while an experimenter was present. Then the experimenter left the room, and the infant played with a third object with an assistant. The experimenter returned, faced all three objects, and said excitedly 'Look! Can you give it to me?' In Study 1, the experimenter exp...

Two experiments examined infants’ expectations about how an experimenter should distribute resources and rewards to others. In Experiment 1, 19-month-olds expected an experimenter to divide two items equally, as opposed to unequally, between two individuals. Infants held no particular expectation when the individuals were replaced with inanimate objects, or when the experimenter simply removed ...

Two experiments used a mutual imitation paradigm to assess 9-, 14-, and 18-month-old infants’ developing understanding of intentions in others. In the first study, 1 experimenter imitated the infants’ actions, and another experimenter performed contingent but different actions on an identical toy. From 9 months of age, infants show discrimination between the mimicking and the contingent experim...

People cannot veridically perceive reflections of objects as projections on the surface of mirrors. People tried to locate an object's projection on a flat mirror. The observer stood at the opposite end of a long mirror to the experimenter. They were told to remember the location of the projection of the experimenter's face. The experimenter then moved and the observer stuck a card onto the mir...

Consistent with the affiliative social tuning hypothesis, this study showed that the desire to get along with another person shifted participants' automatic attitudes toward the ostensible attitudes of that person. In Experiment 1, the automatic racial attitudes of women but not men emulated those of an experimenter displaying race-egalitarian attitudes or attitudes neutral with respect to race...

Two experiments examined infants’ expectations about how an experimenter should distribute resources and rewards to other individuals. In Experiment 1, 19-month-olds expected an experimenter to divide two items equally, as opposed to unequally, between two individuals. The infants held no particular expectation when the individuals were replaced with inanimate objects, or when the experimenter ...

An artificial experimenter is a computational implementation of the decision making processes a laboratory experimenter will make. Artificial experimenter’s analyse the available data, propose hypotheses to represent the behaviours investigated and design experiments to evaluate or improve those hypotheses. In doing so they perform active discovery. A key problem faced is deciding when to perfo...

The original publication is available at www.springerlink.com Abstract. Identifying the characteristics of biological systems through physical experimentation, is restricted by the resources available, which are limited in comparison to the size of the parameter spaces being investigated. New tools are required to assist scientists in the effective characterisation of such behaviours. By combin...

To what extent does knowing what others like influence children's valuation of objects? The current study examined the effect of having observed another person's choices on children's decisions about objects. Specifically, we asked whether children consider what the other person does not choose. In the first of three conditions, 4-year-olds watched as an experimenter looked inside two boxes and...