Running title: Feature-based attention and pupil size 8 Corresponding Author: 9 Paola Binda, PhD 10 Universita’ di Pisa, Department of Translational Research on New Technologies in 11 Medicine and Surgery 12 via San Zeno 31, 56126 Pisa (Italy) 13 Office: +39-050-3153185 14 [email protected] 15 16 17 The authors declare no competing financial interests 18 19 Acknowledgments 20 This research was...

The effects of energy substrate removal and metabolic pathway block have been examined on neuronal and glial survival in organotypic slice cultures of rat hippocampus. Slice cultures resisted 24 h of exogenous energy substrate deprivation. Application of 0.5 mM alpha-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate (4-CIN) for 24 h resulted in specific damage to neuronal cell layers, which could be reversed by co-appl...

Exogenous application of RNA molecules is a potent method to trigger interference (RNAi) in plants transgene-free manner. So far, all exogenous RNAi (exo-RNAi) applications have aimed mRNA degradation given target. However, the issue concomitant epigenetic changes was never addressed. Here, we report for first time that high-pressure spraying dsRNAs can de novo methylation promoter sequences pl...

Salinity is one of the most severe abiotic stresses in one-half of all irrigated lands, causing negative effects on physiological, biochemical, and molecular responses in plants. Application of chemical fertilizers, particularly phosphorus (P) fertilizers, may reduce harmful effects of salinity. In this study, an investigation was performed on the effects of exogenous application of different l...

Temperature is a key factor influencing plant growth and productivity, however sudden increases in temperature can cause severe consequences terms of crop performance. We evaluated the influence elementary sulfur application on physiology two tomato genotypes (“Ahmar” “Roma”) grown chambers (at 25 45 °C). Plants were sprayed with 2, 4, 6, 8 ppm days after sowing (untreated plants kept as contro...