The nonlinear stochastic systems with noise excitation have attracted extensive attention and the concept of noise-induced transitions has got a wide variety of applications in physics, chemistry, and biology (1). Noise-induced transitions are conventionally defined in terms of changes in the number of extrema in the probability distribution of a system variable and may depend both quantitative...

Excitation-contraction coupling is the physiological process of converting an electrical stimulus into a mechanical response. In muscle, the electrical stimulus is an action potential and the mechanical response is active contraction. The classical Hill model characterizes muscle contraction though one contractile element, activated by electrical excitation, and two non-linear springs, one in s...

Inhibition is a physiological process that decreases the probability of a neuron generating an action potential. The two main mechanisms that have been proposed for inhibition are hyperpolarization and shunting. Shunting results from increased membrane conductance, and it reduces the neuron-firing probability. Here we show that ambient GABA, the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain, ca...

Is it possible to infer the time evolving quantum state of a multichromophoric system from a sequence of two-dimensional electronic spectra (2D-ES) as a function of waiting time? Here we provide a positive answer for a tractable model system: a coupled dimer. After exhaustively enumerating the Liouville pathways associated to each peak in the 2D-ES, we argue that by judiciously combining the in...

A scheme is proposed to dynamically excite distinct eigenstate superpositions in three-body Bose-Fermi mixtures confined a two-dimensional harmonic trap. The system initialized non-interacting state with variable spatial extent, and the scattering lengths are subsequently quenched. For widths smaller than oscillator length, superposition of trimers atom-dimers attained, otherwise trap states pr...

The luminescence properties of NASICON-type Na3.6M1.8(PO4)3 (M = Y, Lu) and Na3Sc2(PO4)3 phosphates, undoped rare earth-doped (RE Tb3+, Dy3+, Eu3+, Ce3+), were studied using synchrotron radiation in a wide energy region 4.5–45 eV. Intrinsic emission originating from self-trapped excitons with electron component localized at the 3d Sc states was detected both doped while only defect-related regi...

In this paper, we present a maximum likelihood method for estimating the parameters of univariate Hawkes process with self-excitation or inhibition. Our work generalizes techniques and results that were restricted to self-exciting scenario. The proposed estimator is implemented classical exponential kernel show that, in inhibition context, our procedure provides more accurate estimations than c...

We discuss the theory of electron-molecule excitation processes of importance in fusion plasmas. We consider elastic scattering, rotational, vibrational, and electronic excitation in turn and also dissociative attachment and impact dissociation.