Exploration of planets has significant chances of discoveries e.g. discovery of new substances, as well as finding keys to the origin of our planet. However, some terrains are poorly explored, especially the underground ones. Thus, we have developed underground explorers that use peristaltic crawling of an earthworm for a propulsion part and an earth auger (EA) for an excavation. In this paper,...

The paper presents the use of tablet pc in archaeology, it explains what is a tablet PC and the steps to draw archaeological remains using a digital photomosaic. It’s described the test made during the experience in the roman town Grumentum in South Italy (2006). The use of a tablet pc in archaeological excavation is a powerful tool for digital documentation. This work explains a method to take...

Barite is an important additive material to increase the weight of excavation mud. It has been used extensively in the excavation mud industry. The barite particle sizes used in excavation mud is very important. There is a direct relationship between the amount on the sift of 200 and 325 mesh. By reducing particle sizes of the 200 and 325 mesh, the specific gravity of the barite power increased...

INtrODUctION The science of Archaeology has been in existence for a long time and the way an archaeological excavation is conducted hasn't changed much. However, the way archaeological data is recorded has changed dramatically by the progress of technology and the widespread use of computers. Nowadays, almost any archaeological excavation uses databases to record not only the objects which have...

BACKGROUND Whilst being the most prevalent disease worldwide, dental caries is increasingly concentrated in high-risk populations. New caries treatments should therefore be evaluated not only in terms of their cost-effectiveness in individuals, but also their effects on the distribution of costs and benefits across different populations. To treat deep caries, there are currently three strategie...

With the aim of probing for design theory of cutterhead excavation system of earth pressure balance (EPB) machine, the parameters representing the system performance are concluded firstly. Then a 3D model for cutterhead excavation system of EPB machine is presented with the discrete element method (DEM) software PFC, which is capable of simulating the tunneling ground in site, the machine struc...

Abstract—Excavation and retaining walls are of challenging issues in civil engineering. In this study, the behavior of one important type of supporting systems called Contiguous Bored Pile (CBP) retaining wall is investigated using a physical model. Besides, a comparison is made between two modes of free end piles (soft bed) and fixed end piles (stiff bed). Also a back calculation of effective ...

Changes in cultivable flora in dentine samples collected before and after hand excavation were examined in association with clinical status of the cavity surface, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Thirty-five extracted permanent molar teeth with an occlusal caries lesion were excavated with hand instruments according to the atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) approach....

An archeological excavation is usually a rapidly evolving environment: several factors (weather, costs, permissions) force the work to be concentrated in a few weeks. Moreover, excavating is essentially a mono-directional operation, which constantly modifies the state of the site. Since most of the interpretation is performed in a second stage, it is necessary to collect a massive amount of doc...

OBJECTIVE To describe the clinical and imaging findings in patients with focal choroidal excavation. METHODS Retrospective observational case series. The medical records of 12 patients (13 eyes) with focal choroidal excavation were reviewed. Clinical histories and imaging findings (including color photography, fundus autofluorescence imaging, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiogr...