The paper has three parts. The first is a discussion of the values as goals and means. This is a known Moorean distinction between intrinsic and instrumental values, with one other Moorean item – the doctrine of value wholes. According to this doctrine the value wholes are not simply a summation of their parts, which implies a possibility that two evils might be better than one (e. g. crime + p...

According to the logical problem of evil, co-existence evil and theistic God who is considered be omniscient, omnipotent, omnibenevolent impossible. The fact that our world contains evils invalidates existence God. A libertarian response this problem, free will defense, holds if actually has or could have a sufficient reason actualize containing evils, fails. This good reason, according might s...

the contemporary philosopher of religion, william leonard rowe (1931-   ), with emphasis on gratuitous evil, has tried to show a new version of an evidential argument from evil against god. in this article we, first, try to show a detailed description and documentation of rowe’s views and, then, have some critical remarks on it. in describing his views, we try to reveal properly the evolution o...

All previous solutions to the problem of evil have attempted resolve issue by showing that God permits them in order for a greater good. However, some contest there are instances which is no good, while other cases good and been distributed unjustly. I intend, this paper, show if compensates harms afterlife, any sort enough evil; even not than nor appropriately. To attain end, divided theory co...