The expression of carbonic anhydrase XII (CA12), a gene that encodes a zinc metalloenzyme responsible for acidification of the microenvironment of cancer cells, is highly correlated with estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) in human breast tumors. Here, we show that CA12 is robustly regulated by estrogen via ER alpha in breast cancer cells, and that this regulation involves a distal estrogen-resp...

Steroid hormones can have profound effects on prostate tumor development making it important to define steroid receptor expression in prostate tissues. For this purpose, androgen receptor (AR) and estrogen receptor (ER alpha and ER beta) expression was quantified in 12 clinically localized and 11 hormone-refractory sporadic prostate tumors, using real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR...

BACKGROUND A key role of estrogens in human sperm biology has been recently suggested by aromatase and estrogen receptor detection in human testicular germ cells and ejaculated spermatozoa. However, the involvement of these hormones in the sperm maturation process is still not defined. The aim of this work was to investigate the expression of estrogen receptors, ER-alpha and ER-beta, in human e...

Estrogen receptor (ER) and thyroid hormone receptors (TRs) are ligand-dependent nuclear transcription factors that can bind to an identical half-site, AGGTCA, of their cognate hormone response elements. By in vitro transfection analysis in CV-1 cells, we show that estrogen induction of chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT) activity in a construct containing a CAT reporter gene under the contr...

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies in women around the world. Among the various hormonal types of breast cancer, those that are estrogen receptor (ER) positive account for the majority. Among the estrogen related receptors, estrogen related receptor α is known to have a potential role in breast cancer and is one of the therapeutic target. Hence, prediction of novel ligands int...

The interactions of 16 alpha-hydroxyestrone (16 alpha-OHE1), a metabolite of estradiol (E2), with estrogen receptors (ERs) were compared in this study to the classic E2-receptor mechanism in human breast cancer cells MCF-7 in culture. When MCF-7 cells were incubated with radioinert 16 alpha-OHE1 or its 3H-labeled form for 4 weeks, the estrogen bound extensively and irreversibly in a time-depend...

Female, but not male, whiptail lizards will respond to exogenous estrogen with an increase in estrogen receptor alpha (ER alpha) mRNA in the ventromedial hypothalamus (VMH). The current study tested whether differences in long-term testosterone exposure may be responsible for this sex difference. In the first experiment, female whiptails were gonadectomized and implanted for 6 weeks with either...

Numerous studies, both in vivo and in vitro, have reported neuronal differentiating and neuroprotective actions of estrogens. Most of these estrogenic effects are mediated through specific receptors termed estrogen receptors. The aim of this study was to assess the importance of the N-terminal A/B domain of the estrogen receptor-alpha (ER alpha) in its neuronal aspects. Consequently, estrogen e...

This study has examined whether circulating estrogens are involved in regulating gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)A receptor mRNA expression in regions of the female rat brain known to contain estrogen receptors (ERs). In situ hybridization experiments using 35S-labeled oligonucleotides specific for alpha 2, beta 3, and gamma 1 subunit mRNAs of the GABAA receptor demonstrated that all three mRNAs ...