since the uterine is a sensitive tissue to steroid hormones, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of 17β-estradiol (e2) and progesterone (p4) alone or in combination on morphological and morphometrically parameters of ovariectomized mouse uterus.adult virgin female mice (8-10 weeks old)were ovariectomized and treated with e2, p4, e2 followed by p4 and the oil vehicle alon...

The occurrence of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is a major issue for marine and coastal environments in the proximity urban areas. EDCs Pearl River Delta region well documented but specific data related to Macao unavailable. levels bisphenol-A (BPA), estrone (E1), 17α-estradiol (αE2), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) were measured sediment samples collected a...

Background: Estrogens include estoril (E3), estradiol and estrone (E1). These chemicals are produced in human and animal bodies as well as in synthetic chemicals (drugs). Estrogens can enter water sources in different ways. When these chemicals enter the human body through water and wastewater, they have the ability to mimic or disrupt the normal estrogen activities in humans and animals. Estro...

Drospirenone (DRSP), a progestin with antialdosterone activity, has been developed for hormone therapy in combination with 17-beta-estradiol (E2) in postmenopausal women. We evaluated the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of various doses of DRSP and E2 and estradiol alone in postmenopausal women with hypertension using ambulatory and clinic blood pressure (BP) monitoring. This was a randomi...

Drospirenone (DRSP), a progestin with antialdosterone activity, has been developed for hormone therapy in combination with 17-estradiol (E2) in postmenopausal women. We evaluated the antihypertensive efficacy and safety of various doses of DRSP and E2 and estradiol alone in postmenopausal women with hypertension using ambulatory and clinic blood pressure (BP) monitoring. This was a randomized, ...

Among Chinese soft-shelled turtles, Pelodiscus sinensis, males have a richer nutritional value and higher market price than females. All-male offspring were obtained by 17β-estradiol (E2). However, the molecular mechanisms of E2 inducing sexual reversal remain unclear. In this study, we cloned estrogen nuclear receptors (ERs) from P. sinensis investigated their expression profiles. We examined ...

We hypothesize that the endogenously present lipoidal estrogen fatty acid esters may have a stronger mitogenic action in the fat-rich mammary tissues than in the uterus. To test this hypothesis, we compared the activity of estradiol-17b-stearate (E2-17b-S) with that of estradiol-17b (E2) in stimulating the growth of mammary glandular cells versus the growth of uterine endometrial cells in ovari...

Estrogens are important environmental contaminants that disrupt endocrine systems and feminize male fish. We investigated the potential for anaerobic biodegradation of the estrogens 17-alpha-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and 17-beta-estradiol (E2) in order to understand their fate in aquatic and terrestrial environments. Cultures were established using lake water and sediment under methanogenic, sulfa...

Background: 17β-estradiol (E2) has been known to modulate immune response. Recent studies indicate that E2 at pregnancy level plays a role in regulating T cell response. Objective: To investigate the optimum dose of E2 (from 10-9 to 10-7 M) in mediating the generation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), using naïve human CD4+ T cells from healthy women. Methods: Naïve peripheral T cells were purifie...

Abstract Hyperestrogenism may cause erectile dysfunction(ED) by impeding normal penile development,increasing venous vascular permeability and leakage(via VEGF) inhibiting testosterone(T)production. Estrogen excess can impair spermatogenesis increase the risk of estrogen-sensitive cancers(viz.breast cancer)[1,2]Weekly biweekly letrozole(2.5 mg),an aromatase inhibitor,has been reported to normal...