Surveys of recreational and competitive athletes indicate that digestive/ gastrointestinal (GI) disorders are common both during training and during competitive endurance events (3,4,7,12,13,15,17). Women appear to be most susceptible, but complaints by men are frequent. The most severe symptoms occur during running rather than biking or swimming, but symptoms are noted during all activities. S...

Masellis-Smith, A., Belch, A. R., Mant, M. J., ‘I’urley, E. A. and Pilarski, I,. M. (1996) Blood 87, I891 I899 ‘L’urley, E. A. and Torrance, J. (1984) Exp. Cell Kes. 161, 17-28 Weiss, J. M., Kenkl, A. C., Ahrens, ‘I-., Moll, J., Mai, B. €I., Denfeld, R. W., Schopf, E., Ponta, I I . , IIerrlich, P. and Simon, J. C. (1998) J. Invest. Dermatol. 111, 227-232 ‘I’eder, P. and Heldin, P. (1997) Am. J....

Some people feel that they pass too much gas from below (flatulence) or burp too frequently, both of which can be a source of embarrassment and can be uncomfortable. However, most people who complain of excessive gas do not produce more than the average person. Instead, they probably have increased awareness of normal amounts of gas. On the other hand, several foods and certain medical conditio...

Previous studies of the mechanisms that precipitate acid reflux episodes and acid clearance have used unphysiological, short term hospital based data. A new 24 hour pH and motility recording system combined with computerised data analysis have been used to study naturally occurring acid reflux episodes in healthy ambulant volunteers. A variety of events that produced recognisable transdiaphragm...

BACKGROUND Biphasic waveforms have been reported to be more efficacious than monophasic waveforms for external defibrillation. This study examined the optimal phase-1 tilts and phase-2 leading-edge voltages with small capacitors (60 and 20 microF) for external defibrillation. We also assessed the ability of the "charge-burping" model to predict the optimal waveforms. METHODS AND RESULTS Two g...

Objectives This study aimed at investigating the effect of Iranian traditional remedy prepared from Apium graveolens and Trachyspermum copticom (AT) on the severity and frequency of symptoms in patients with functional dyspepsia (FD). Material and Methods In total, 150 FD patients were included in this randomized double-blind trial, based on the ROME III diagnostic criteria, and they were div...

Every year in the UK 100,000 people are diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) (Belch at al, 2007). Those who are diagnosed are likely to suffer from cardiovascular complications and are six times more likely to die within 10 years, compared with people without PAD (Belch et al, 2007). This medical condition gives no symptoms at early stages and can develop manifesting itself through ...